Activation of DSB processing requires phosphorylation of CtIP by ATR.

Activation of DSB processing requires phosphorylation of CtIP by ATR.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2012.11.020
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发表时间:
2013-02-21
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Gautier J
Gautier J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peterson SE;Li Y;Wu-Baer F;Chait BT;Baer R;Yan H;Gottesman ME;Gautier J

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DNA双链断裂(DSB)激活DNA损伤反应(DDR),协调检查点途径与DNA修复。ATM和ATR激酶依次激活。同源定向修复(HDR)是通过切除DSB以产生3′ ssDNA突出端来启动的。在DDR期间如何激活切除和HDR或ATM和ATR在HDR中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明,CtIP经历ATR依赖性的过度磷酸化反应DSBs。ATR磷酸化非洲爪蟾CtIP的一种不变的苏氨酸T818(人类的T859)。不可磷酸化的CtIP(T818 A)不结合染色质或启动切除。我们的数据支持一种模型,其中ATM活性是切除的早期步骤所必需的,从而导致ATR激活、CtIP-T818磷酸化和CtIP在染色质上的积累。通过修饰的CtIP的染色质结合先于广泛切除和完全检查点激活。
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) activate a DNA damage response (DDR) that coordinates checkpoint pathways with DNA repair. ATM and ATR kinases are activated sequentially. Homology-directed repair (HDR) is initiated by resection of DSBs to generate 3′ ssDNA overhangs. How resection and HDR are activated during DDR or the roles of ATM and ATR in HDR are not known. Here, we show that CtIP undergoes ATR-dependent hyperphosphorylation in response to DSBs. ATR phosphorylates an invariant threonine, T818 of Xenopus CtIP (T859 in human). Non-phosphorylatable CtIP (T818A) does not bind to chromatin or initiate resection. Our data support a model in which ATM activity is required for an early step in resection leading to ATR activation, CtIP-T818 phosphorylation, and accumulation of CtIP on chromatin. Chromatin binding by modified CtIP precedes extensive resection and full checkpoint activation.
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