Blood flow distribution and the endothelial surface layer in the diabetic retina.
Blood flow distribution and the endothelial surface layer in the diabetic retina.
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DOI：
10.3233/bir-180200
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Carter, Patsy R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris, Norman R.;Leskova, Wendy;Kaur, Gaganpreet;Eshaq, Randa S.;Carter, Patsy R.
糖尿病性视网膜病变被认为是高血糖症的微血管并发症，伴随着血-视网膜屏障的破坏、周细胞的损失、微血管的形成、灌注和缺血区域的早期减少，推测后者诱导疾病的最终增殖、血管生成阶段。我们的糖尿病视网膜病变动物模型显示出与人类糖尿病早期阶段相似的视网膜血流量减少。我们的研究还显示了红细胞在视网膜分布的改变，深毛细血管层接收减少的分数，并与流量被转向更多的浅表血管层。正常的红细胞分布依赖于内皮表面层的存在，特别是糖萼，据报道，糖萼在人类和动物的糖尿病视网膜中部分丢失。本文综述了糖尿病中的这两种现象：灌注模式改变和糖萼丢失，两者之间可能存在联系。
Diabetic retinopathy is known as a microvascular complication of hyperglycemia, with a breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, loss of pericytes, formation of microhemorrhages, early decreases in perfusion and areas of ischemia, with the latter speculated to induce the eventual proliferative, angiogenic phase of the disease. Our animal models of diabetic retinopathy demonstrate similar decreases in retinal blood flow as seen in the early stages of diabetes in humans. Our studies also show an alteration in the retinal distribution of red blood cells, with the deep capillary layer receiving a reduced fraction, and with flow being diverted more towards the superficial vascular layer. Normal red blood cell distribution is dependent on the presence of the endothelial surface layer, specifically the glycocalyx, which has been reported to be partially lost in the diabetic retina of both humans and animals. This review addresses these two phenomena in diabetes: altered perfusion patterns and loss of the glycocalyx, with a possible connection between the two.