Amino acid availability acts as a metabolic rheostat to determine the magnitude of ILC2 responses.

Amino acid availability acts as a metabolic rheostat to determine the magnitude of ILC2 responses.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20221073
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发表时间:
2023-03-06
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
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在这里,Hodge等人证明了大的中性氨基酸转运蛋白调节ILC2应答的幅度。氨基酸摄取部分通过mTOR控制ILC2扩增。这些发现扩展了对粘膜屏障部位先天免疫的营养调节的理解。第2组先天性淋巴样细胞(ILC2)是功能平衡的组织驻留淋巴细胞,对粘膜屏障部位的损伤和感染迅速作出反应。ILC2存在于复杂的微环境中,在那里它们受到来自饮食和入侵病原体(包括蠕虫)的提示。新出现的证据表明,ILC2不仅对典型的激活信号非常敏感,而且对营养物质可用性的扰动也非常敏感。在蠕虫感染的背景下,我们确定氨基酸的可用性作为一种营养线索,在调节ILC2的反应。ILC2被发现是独特的preprimed通过大的中性氨基酸转运蛋白Slc7a5和Slc7a8输入氨基酸。这些转运蛋白的细胞内源性缺失单独损害ILC2的扩增,而同时损失的两个转运蛋白显着损害ILC2的增殖和生产精氨酸的能力。从机制上讲,氨基酸摄取部分地通过调节mTOR来确定ILC2应答的大小。这些发现暗示必需氨基酸是粘膜屏障组织内最佳ILC2反应的代谢必需品。
Here, Hodge et al. demonstrate large neutral amino acid transporters regulate the magnitude of ILC2 responses. Amino acid uptake controls ILC2 expansion in part via mTOR. These findings expand understanding of nutrient regulation of innate immunity at mucosal barrier sites. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are functionally poised, tissue-resident lymphocytes that respond rapidly to damage and infection at mucosal barrier sites. ILC2 reside within complex microenvironments where they are subject to cues from both the diet and invading pathogens—including helminths. Emerging evidence suggests ILC2 are acutely sensitive not only to canonical activating signals but also perturbations in nutrient availability. In the context of helminth infection, we identify amino acid availability as a nutritional cue in regulating ILC2 responses. ILC2 are found to be uniquely preprimed to import amino acids via the large neutral amino acid transporters Slc7a5 and Slc7a8. Cell-intrinsic deletion of these transporters individually impaired ILC2 expansion, while concurrent loss of both transporters markedly impaired the proliferative and cytokine-producing capacity of ILC2. Mechanistically, amino acid uptake determined the magnitude of ILC2 responses in part via tuning of mTOR. These findings implicate essential amino acids as a metabolic requisite for optimal ILC2 responses within mucosal barrier tissues.
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