Commercial Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) Testing is Not Vulnerable to Incidental Alcohol Exposure in Pregnant Women.
Commercial Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) Testing is Not Vulnerable to Incidental Alcohol Exposure in Pregnant Women.
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DOI：
10.3109/10826084.2015.1073324
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发表时间：
2016-01-02
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sokol RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ondersma SJ;Beatty JR;Rosano TG;Strickler RC;Graham AE;Sokol RJ
乙基葡萄糖苷酸（EtG）和硫酸乙酯（EtS）已显示出作为酒精生物标志物的前景，并且可能足够敏感，可用于孕妇，即使是低水平的酒精使用也很重要。然而，有报告称EtG和EtS对偶然暴露于含酒精的洗手液等来源过度敏感。此外，很少有研究在孕妇中评估这些生物标志物，这些代谢物的动力学可能不同。这项研究评估了商业EtG-EtS测试是否容易受到孕妇高水平酒精环境暴露的影响。五名护士的两个独立样本-一名孕妇和另一名产后，所有人都报告了高水平的含酒精洗手液使用-提供了用含酒精漱口水和洗手液冲洗前后4-8小时的尿液样本。这五名怀孕护士在8小时护理轮班之前、期间和之后提供了尿液样本，在此期间，她们反复使用含酒精的洗手液（平均使用33.8次）。五名产后护士在基线和随访尿样之间反复使用洗手液。在基线或随访时，尽管使用漱口水和孕妇样本在整个8小时轮班期间大量使用洗手液（平均使用33.8次），但没有尿液样本为EtG-EtS阳性。目前，市售的EtG-EtS检测似乎不容易受到孕妇和产后妇女中偶然酒精来源的严重影响。
Ethyl Glucoronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS) have shown promise as biomarkers for alcohol and may be sensitive enough for use with pregnant women in whom even low-level alcohol use is important. However, there have been reports of over-sensitivity of EtG and EtS to incidental exposure to sources such as alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Further, few studies have evaluated these biomarkers among pregnant women, in whom the dynamics of these metabolites may differ. This study evaluated whether commercial EtG-EtS testing was vulnerable to high levels of environmental exposure to alcohol in pregnant women. Two separate samples of five nurses—one pregnant and the other postpartum, all of whom reported high levels of alcohol-based hand sanitizer use—provided urine samples before and 4–8 hours after rinsing with alcohol-based mouthwash and using hand sanitizer. The five pregnant nurses provided urine samples before, during, and after an 8-hour nursing shift, during which they repeatedly cleansed with alcohol-based hand sanitizer (mean 33.8 uses). The five postpartum nurses used hand sanitizer repeatedly between baseline and follow-up urine samples. No urine samples were positive for EtG-EtS at baseline or follow-up, despite use of mouthwash and—in the pregnant sample—heavy use of hand sanitizer (mean of 33.8 uses) throughout the 8-hour shift. Current, commercially available EtG-EtS testing does not appear vulnerable to even heavy exposure to incidental sources of alcohol among pregnant and postpartum women.