Variations in CYP78A13 coding region influence grain size and yield in rice
Variations in CYP78A13 coding region influence grain size and yield in rice
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CYP78A13编码区的变异影响水稻的籽粒大小和产量
DOI：
10.1111/pce.12452
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Chu, Chengcai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xu, Fan;Fang, Jun;Chu, Chengcai
谷物的粒度是决定作物产量的最重要因素之一。在这里，我们确定了一个显性突变体，大颗粒2（bg 2-D）从我们的增强子捕获人口。基因分析和SiteFinding PCR（聚合酶链反应）显示，BG 2编码细胞色素P450，OsCYP 78 A13。序列分析表明，CYP 78 A13基因在水稻中具有独特的表达模式，其同源基因为GrainLength 3.2（GL3.2，LOC_0s03g30420），对转基因植株的分析表明，CYP 78 A13和GL3.2均具有促进籽粒生长的作用。对1529份水稻品种的序列多态性分析表明，在CYP 78 A13基因体和20 kb侧翼区，籼稻品种的核苷酸多样性显著高于粳稻品种。此外，比较粳稻品种日本晴和籼稻品种9311的CYP 78 A13基因组序列，发现启动子区有3个InDel，编码序列有8个SNP（单核苷酸多态性）。对嵌合体转基因植株的详细检测表明，CYP 78 A13编码区的变异是导致产量变异的主要原因。这些结果表明，CYP 78 A13在籼稻品种中的变异在水稻育种中具有潜在的应用价值。
Grain size is one of the most important determinants of crop yield in cereals. Here, we identified a dominant mutant, big grain2 (bg2-D) from our enhancer-trapping population. Genetic analysis and SiteFinding PCR (polymerase chain reaction) revealed that BG2 encodes a cytochrome P450, OsCYP78A13. Sequence search revealed that CYP78A13 has a paralogue GrainLength 3.2 (GL3.2, LOC_Os03g30420) in rice with distinct expression patterns, analysis of transgenic plants harbouring either CYP78A13 or GL3.2 showed that both can promote grain growth. Sequence polymorphism analysis with 1529 rice varieties showed that the nucleotide diversity at CYP78A13 gene body and the 20kb flanking region in the indica varieties were markedly higher than those in japonica varieties. Further, comparison of the genomic sequence of CYP78A13 in the japonica cultivar Nipponbare and the indica cultivar 9311 showed that there were three InDels in the promoter region and eight SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) in its coding sequence. Detailed examination of the transgenic plants with chimaeric constructs suggested that variation in CYP78A13 coding region is responsible for the variation of grain yield. Taken together, our results suggest that the variations in CYP78A13 in the indica varieties hold potential in rice breeding for application of grain yield improvement.