Newspaper stories as measures of structural stigma
Newspaper stories as measures of structural stigma
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.56.5.551
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hall, LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corrigan, PW;Watson, AC;Hall, LL
目标：当报纸等机构而不是个人发布有关精神疾病的污名化信息时，就会出现结构性污名和歧视。这项研究调查了新闻媒体报道精神疾病主题的当前趋势。方法：美国大型报纸上的所有相关报道（N = 3,353）在 2002 年为期六周的时间内被识别和编码。报道按主题编码，分为四类：危险、责备、治疗和康复以及倡导行动（即呼吁采取公共政策和行动，提高精神疾病患者的护理质量或机会）。结果：所有故事的 39% 关注危险和暴力；这些故事通常出现在前面部分。很少有报道表明个人或家庭应对精神疾病负责（2%）。相反，有关遗传、生物或环境因果关系（例如压力和创伤）的故事更为常见（15%）。关于生物治疗和心理社会治疗的故事数量相同（分别为 13% 和 14%）。所有与治疗相关的故事中有百分之四涉及康复。百分之二十的故事包含属于倡导行动这一广泛类别的主题。这些故事讨论了公共心理健康领域的资源短缺、对更好护理的需求、优质住房的缺乏以及保险平价的目标。结论：有关报纸如何报道精神疾病的数据为了解结构性耻辱以及新闻媒体采用的政策和标准提供了有用的视角。这些发现对于影响媒体具有重要意义。
Objectives: Structural stigma and discrimination occur when an institution like a newspaper, rather than an individual, promulgates stigmatizing messages about mental illness. This study examined current trends in the news media on reporting topics of mental illness. Methods: All relevant stories (N= 3,353) in large U. S. newspapers were identified and coded during six weeklong periods in 2002. Stories were coded by themes that fit into four categories: dangerousness, blame, treatment and recovery, and advocacy action ( that is, calls for public policy and action that increase the quality of care or opportunities for those with mental illness). Results: Thirty-nine percent of all stories focused on dangerousness and violence; these stories most often ended up in the front section. Few stories promulgated the idea that either the person or the family was responsible for mental illness ( 2 percent). Instead, stories about genetic or biological or environmental causation ( for example, stress and trauma) were more common ( 15 percent). There were equal numbers of stories about biological and psychosocial treatments ( 13 and 14 percent, respectively). Four percent of all treatment-related stories addressed recovery. Twenty percent of stories contained themes that fell into the broad category of advocacy action. These stories addressed the shortage of resources in the public mental health arena, the need for better care, the absence of good-quality housing, and the goal of insurance parity. Conclusions: Data on how mental illness is represented in newspapers yield a useful perspective on structural stigma and the policies and standards that are applied by the news media. These findings have implications for influencing the press.