The process of knowledge transfer: A diachronic analysis of stickiness
The process of knowledge transfer: A diachronic analysis of stickiness
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DOI：
10.1006/obhd.2000.2884
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Szulanski, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Szulanski, G
尽管企业内部的知识转移通常是费力的、耗时的和困难的，但目前的概念认为它们基本上是无成本的和即时的。当承认困难时，困难是转移建模方式中的异常现象，而不是转移本身的特征。在分析知识转移的困难时，第一步是认识到转移不是一个典型的行为，而是一个过程。本文提出了一个知识转移的过程模型。该模型确定了迁移的阶段以及在迁移的不同阶段与难度相关的因素。一般的预期是，影响转移机会的因素更有可能预测开始阶段的困难，而影响转移执行的因素更有可能预测随后实施阶段的困难。我们为迁移的每个阶段开发了粘性测量方法，以探索不同因素在迁移过程的不同阶段的预测能力。通过对8家公司122次组织实践迁移的两步调查收集的主要数据进行横断面分析，说明了该模型的适用性，并提出了几个有待进一步研究的问题。(C) 2000年学术出版社。
Even though intrafirm transfers of knowledge are often laborious, time consuming, and difficult, current conceptions treat them as essentially costless and instantaneous, When acknowledged, difficulty is an anomaly in the way transfers are modeled rather than a characteristic feature of the transfer itself. One first step toward incorporating difficulty in the analysis of knowledge transfer is to recognize that a transfer is not an act, as typically modeled, but a process. This article offers a process model of knowledge transfer. The model identifies stages of transfer and factors that are expected to correlate with difficulty at different stages of the transfer. The general expectation is that factors that affect the opportunity to transfer are more likely to predict difficulty during the initiation phase, whereas factors that affect the execution of the transfer are more likely to predict difficulty during subsequent implementation phases. Measures of stickiness are developed for each stage of the transfer to explore the predictive power of different factors at different stages of the process, A cross-sectional analysis of primary data collected through a two-step survey of 122 transfers of organizational practices within eight firms illustrates the applicability of the model and suggests several issues for further research. (C) 2000 Academic Press.