The Role of Community Health Workers in the Re-Engineering of Primary Health Care in Rural Eastern Cape.
The Role of Community Health Workers in the Re-Engineering of Primary Health Care in Rural Eastern Cape.
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DOI：
10.1080/20786190.2014.977063
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Davis E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
le Roux K;le Roux I;Mbewu N;Davis E
南非的初级卫生保健正在重新设计，以创建一种跨不同级别卫生保健系统的综合保健模式。除了临床服务外，从医院到诊所，在社区和家庭中，卫生保健将更多地侧重于预防、促进健康和倡导健康的生活方式和福祉。我们提供了一种最佳实践模式，将接受过全能型培训的社区卫生工作者(CHW)整合到东开普省农村地区奥利弗·坦博区的多级卫生系统中。以Zithulele医院为基础，已经建立了医院、13个诊所和50个CHW之间的卫生保健网络。每一级护理的功能是不同的和互补的。本文描述了通过家访提供妇幼保健、营养和一般护理的社区卫生工作者的招募、培训、监督、监测和结果。卫生福利院，特别是在农村地区，可以发现和转介新的结核病/艾滋病毒病例、患病儿童和高危孕妇；在家中帮助营养不良儿童康复；支持坚持结核病和艾滋病毒治疗；治疗腹泻、蠕虫感染和皮肤问题；分发维生素A。提供了该模型如何工作的案例示例。这种多面手的CHW家庭干预是南非初级卫生保健系统重新设计的潜在模式。
Primary Health Care in South Africa is being re-engineered to create a model of integrated care across different levels of the health care system. From hospitals to clinics, in the community and in the home, health care will focus more on prevention, health-promotion and advocacy for healthy lifestyles and wellbeing, in addition to clinical services. We provide a best practise model of integrating community health workers (CHWs) trained as generalists into a multi-level health system in the Oliver Tambo district of the rural Eastern Cape. Based at Zithulele Hospital, a health care network between the hospital, 13 clinics, and 50 CHWs has been created. The functions of each tier of care are different and complementary. This article describes the recruitment, training, supervision, monitoring, and outcomes when CHWs who deliver maternal, child health, nutrition and general care through home visits. CHWs, especially in rural settings, can find and refer new TB/HIV cases, ill children and at-risk pregnant women; rehabilitate malnourished children at home; support TB and HIV treatment adherence; treat diarrhoea, worm infestation and skin problems; and, distribute Vitamin A. CHWs provide follow-up after clinic and hospital care, support families to apply health information, problem-solve the health and social challenges of daily living, and assist in accessing social grants. Case examples of how this model functions are provided. This generalist CHW home intervention is a potential model for the re-engineering of the primary health care system in South Africa.