Regulation of the Intestinal Barrier Function by Host Defense Peptides.
Regulation of the Intestinal Barrier Function by Host Defense Peptides.
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DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2015.00057
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Zhang G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robinson K;Deng Z;Hou Y;Zhang G
肠道屏障功能主要通过调节粘蛋白和紧密连接（TJ）蛋白的合成来实现，这对于维持最佳肠道健康和动物性能至关重要。TJ蛋白的异常表达导致细胞旁通透性增加，导致肠道和全身性疾病。宿主防御肽（HDPs）作为天然免疫的重要组成部分，在粘膜防御中起着重要作用。除了广谱抗微生物活性外，HDP还促进炎症消退、内毒素中和、伤口愈合和适应性免疫应答的发展。越来越多的证据也表明HDPs在屏障功能和肠道稳态中的作用。肠道中的HDP缺乏与屏障功能障碍和生态失调有关。最近显示几种HDP通过直接诱导多种粘蛋白和TJ蛋白的表达来增强粘膜屏障功能。因此，HDPs的膳食补充通常导致家畜动物的肠道形态、生产性能和饲料效率的改善。本文综述了近年来HDP对上皮完整性和稳态调节的研究进展。主要的信号通路介导的高密度脂蛋白诱导的粘蛋白和TJ蛋白的合成进行了讨论。作为抗生素的替代策略，补充外源性HDP或调节内源性HDP合成可能具有改善肠道屏障功能和动物健康及生产力的潜力。
Intestinal barrier function is achieved primarily through regulating the synthesis of mucins and tight junction (TJ) proteins, which are critical for maintaining optimal gut health and animal performance. An aberrant expression of TJ proteins results in increased paracellular permeability, leading to intestinal and systemic disorders. As an essential component of innate immunity, host defense peptides (HDPs) play a critical role in mucosal defense. Besides broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, HDPs promotes inflammation resolution, endotoxin neutralization, wound healing, and the development of adaptive immune response. Accumulating evidence has also indicated an emerging role of HDPs in barrier function and intestinal homeostasis. HDP deficiency in the intestinal tract is associated with barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis. Several HDPs were recently shown to enhance mucosal barrier function by directly inducing the expression of multiple mucins and TJ proteins. Consistently, dietary supplementation of HDPs often leads to an improvement in intestinal morphology, production performance, and feed efficiency in livestock animals. This review summarizes current advances on the regulation of epithelial integrity and homeostasis by HDPs. Major signaling pathways mediating HDP-induced mucin and TJ protein synthesis are also discussed. As an alternative strategy to antibiotics, supplementation of exogenous HDPs or modulation of endogenous HDP synthesis may have potential to improve intestinal barrier function and animal health and productivity.