Electronic Cigarettes: Effective Nicotine Delivery After Acute Administration
Electronic Cigarettes: Effective Nicotine Delivery After Acute Administration
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntr316
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vansickel, Andrea Rae;Eissenberg, Thomas
电子烟（ECs）作为尼古丁输送装置销售。两项针对无电刺激参与者的研究表明，电刺激很少或根本没有尼古丁。在这些研究中，使用的是标准尺寸的EC，尽管经验丰富的EC用户经常使用更大的设备，这些设备可以容纳更高的电压和/或更持久的电池。用户体验和设备特性是否影响电子烟尼古丁输送尚不确定。本研究的目的是检查ec对使用他们喜欢的设备的有经验的用户的影响。方法：使用电子烟至少3个月的8名电子烟使用者（3名女性），使用他们提供的设备和他们选择的口味/强度尼古丁烟弹完成一个5小时的疗程。疗程包括4个阶段：基线、10次抽吸（间隔30秒）、1小时的随机抽吸期和2小时的休息期（不抽吸）。每个阶段的结果测量包括血浆尼古丁浓度、心率、尼古丁/产品效应的主观评分和戒断症状。结果：与基线相比，血浆尼古丁和心率在第一次吸烟后5分钟内显著升高，并在整个随意吸烟期间保持升高。观察到尼古丁和产品的直接影响等级增加以及戒断症状的减少。结论：用户体验和/或设备特性可能影响电子烟尼古丁传递和其他效果。系统地操纵这些变量和其他变量可以阐明产生预期效果的条件。
Introduction: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are marketed as nicotine delivery devices. Two studies with EC-naive participants suggest that ECs deliver little or no nicotine. In those studies, standard-sized ECs were used, though experienced EC users often use larger devices that house higher voltage and/or longer lasting batteries. Whether user experience and device characteristics influence EC nicotine delivery is uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of ECs in experienced users who were using their preferred devices.Methods: Eight EC users (3 women) who had been using ECs for at least 3 months, completed one 5-hr session using devices they provided and the flavor/strength nicotine cartridges they selected. Sessions consisted of 4 phases: baseline, 10 puffs (30-s interpuff interval) from the device, 1-hr ad lib puffing period, and a 2-hr rest period (no puffing). Outcome measures in each phase included plasma nicotine concentration, heart rate, and subjective ratings of nicotine/product effects and abstinence symptoms.Results: Relative to baseline, plasma nicotine and heart rate increased significantly within 5 min of the first puff and remained elevated throughout the ad lib puffing period. Increases in ratings of direct effects of nicotine and product were observed as well as decreases in abstinence symptoms.Conclusions: User experience and/or device characteristics likely influence EC nicotine delivery and other effects. Systematic manipulation of these and other variables could elucidate conditions that produce intended effects.