Sulfated oligosaccharides and tumor: promoter or inhibitor?
Sulfated oligosaccharides and tumor: promoter or inhibitor?
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作者：
Wu Xz
硫酸寡糖在肿瘤发生发展中的作用一直是一个有争议的话题。本文就硫酸寡糖在肿瘤发生、发展中的作用作一综述。硫酸寡糖，特别是硫酸软骨素和硫酸乙酰肝素的修饰是致癌过程中的重要事件，并且与分化程度相关。硫酸软骨素增强可促进癌变，硫酸肝素增强可促进转移。硫酸寡糖的抗增殖活性的抗性可能有助于癌细胞的异常行为。有研究表明，细胞表面的硫酸化蛋白多糖可促进肿瘤转移，而可溶性硫酸化寡糖则可抑制肿瘤转移。因此，硫酸寡糖在致癌和肿瘤进展中发挥双重作用，促进剂或抑制剂。关于硫酸寡糖与肿瘤发生、发展的关系，有四个问题值得关注和研究：修饰后的硫酸寡糖与未修饰的硫酸寡糖是否有不同的作用;不同的硫酸寡糖是否有不同的作用;硫酸蛋白聚糖在细胞表面的功能是否与可溶性硫酸寡糖不同;硫酸寡糖在原发性肿瘤和转移性肿瘤中的作用是否不同。因此，需要更多关于硫酸寡糖对癌症患者长期安全性的数据，以进行总体风险-获益评估。
The topic about the role of sulfated oligosaccharides in carcinogenesis and progression of tumor remains controversial. The present review aims to evaluate the role of sulfated oligosaccharides in carcinogenesis and progression of tumor. The modification of sulfated oligosaccharides, especially chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate, is an important event in carcinogenesis and is correlated with the degree of differentiation. Enhance of chondroitin sulphate may promote carcinogenesis, while enhance of heparin sulphate may promote metastasis. Resistance of antiproliferation activity of sulfated oligosaccharides may contribute to the aberrant behavior of the cancer cell. Some researches supported that sulfated proteoglycan on the cell surface may enhance metastasis; while some soluble sulfated oligosaccharides could suppress metastasis. Thus, sulfated oligosaccharides play double roles, promoter or inhibitor, in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Four topics about the correlation between sulfated oligosaccharides and carcinogensis and progression are very interesting and must be identified: whether the modified sulfated oligosaccharides have a different effect from the unmodified sulfated oligosaccharides; whether different sulfate oligosaccharides have the different action; whether the function of sulfated proteoglycan on the cell surface is different from that of soluble sulfated oligosaccharides; whether the function of sulfated oligosaccharides in primary tumor is different from that in metastasis tumor. Further data on the long-term safety of sulfate oligosaccharides for cancer patients are therefore required to allow overall risk-benefit assessments.