Congestion pricing and long term urban form: Application to Ile-de-France
Congestion pricing and long term urban form: Application to Ile-de-France
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拥堵收费和长期城市形态：在法兰西岛的应用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Piperno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lara;A. Palma;M. Kilani;S. Piperno
我们提出了一种有效的算法来求解具有交通拥堵的单中心城市模型，并利用该算法探讨了拥堵收费对城市形态的影响，从而对交通流量、二氧化碳排放和能源消耗的影响。这项申请的重点是法国地区。考虑了四种定价策略：无通行费，当运输成本等于车辆运营成本时，当用户在警戒区内行驶时支付通行费时，线性通行费(线性通行费类别下最优)和最优通行费(或优先最好通行费)。线性通行费相当于车辆运营成本的增加。对于第一个最佳解决方案，它的表现很好，但由于它同样适用于所有TRIP，因此在实践中不太可能是相关的。与无收费情况相比，最优拥堵定价使城市半径和平均出行距离分别减少了34%和15%。
We propose an efficient algorithm that solves the monocentric city model with traffic congestion, and use it to explore the impact of congestion pricing on urban forms and, hence, on transport volume, CO2 emissions and energy consumption. The application focuses on the region Ie-de-France. Four pricing policies are considered: no toll, where transport cost is equal to the vehicle operating cost, cordon toll where users pay the toll when they drive inside cordon region linear toll (optimal under the class of linear tolls) and optimal toll (or first-best toll). The linear toll is equivalent to an increase in the vehicle operating cost. It performs well with respect to the first-best solution but, since it applies identically to all trips, it is not likely to be relevant in practice. By comparison to the no-toll situation, optimal congestion pricing reduces the radius of the city and the average travel distance by 34% and 15%, respectively.