Changes in suicide rates following media reports on celebrity suicide: a meta-analysis
Changes in suicide rates following media reports on celebrity suicide: a meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1136/jech-2011-200707
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Pirkis, Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas;Fu, King-wa;Pirkis, Jane
越来越多的研究表明，耸人听闻的自杀报道与自杀率的上升有关，但鉴于一些负面的发现，这个问题仍然存在争议。这项研究的目的是评估目前关于名人自杀故事与随后自杀之间联系的最佳证据。方法对Medline、Psychlit、Communication Abstracts、Education Resources Information Center、Dissertation Abstracts和Australian Public Affairs Database (APAIS) 6个数据源进行文献检索。如果研究包括：(1)采用生态设计，(2)关注名人自杀，(3)完成自杀作为结果变量，(4)分析所有自杀方法的自杀率，(5)使用二战后的数据，(6)满足基本质量标准。结果10项研究共98例名人自杀符合标准。综合估计表明，在名人自杀后的一个月内，自杀率（每10万人中自杀人数）的变化为0.26（95%可信区间为0.09至0.43）。研究之间存在大量的异质性，这是由名人的类型（娱乐精英与其他）和研究区域解释的，如混合效应元回归所示。报告娱乐名人自杀的地区研究特定效应在北美为0.64 (95% CI 0.55至0.73)，亚洲为0.58 (95% CI 0.47至0.68)，澳大利亚为0.36 (95% CI -0.10至0.61)，欧洲为0.68 （95% CI 0.51至0.85）。没有发表偏倚的迹象。关于名人自杀的报道与自杀率的上升有关。研究区域和名人类型似乎对效应大小有影响。
Background A growing number of studies indicate that sensationalist reporting of suicide is associated with increases in suicide rates, but in the light of some negative findings, the issue has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the best current evidence on the association between celebrity suicide stories and subsequent suicides.Methods Literature searches of six data sources (Medline, Psychlit, Communication Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, Dissertation Abstracts and Australian Public Affairs Database (APAIS)) were conducted. Studies were included if they (1) adopted an ecological design, (2) focused on celebrity suicide, (3) had completed suicide as outcome variable, (4) analysed suicide rates across all suicide methods, (5) used data from after World War II and (6) satisfied basic quality criteria.Results 10 studies with totally 98 suicides by celebrities met the criteria. The pooled estimate indicated a change in suicide rates (suicides per 100 000 population) of 0.26 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.43) in the month after a celebrity suicide. There was substantial heterogeneity between studies, which was explained by the type of celebrity (entertainment elite vs others) and the region of study, as indicated by mixed- effects meta- regression. The region- of- studyespecific effect of reporting a suicide by an entertainment celebrity was 0.64 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.73) in North America, 0.58 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.68) in Asia, 0.36 (95% CI -0.10 to 0.61) in Australia and 0.68 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.85) in Europe. There was no indication of publication bias.Conclusions Reports on celebrity suicide are associated with increases in suicides. Study region and celebrity type appear to have an impact on the effect size.