FLOOD BASALTS AND HOT-SPOT TRACKS - PLUME HEADS AND TAILS
FLOOD BASALTS AND HOT-SPOT TRACKS - PLUME HEADS AND TAILS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.246.4926.103
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发表时间：
1989-10-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
COURTILLOT, VE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RICHARDS, MA;DUNCAN, RA;COURTILLOT, VE
大陆洪水玄武岩喷发导致玄武岩熔岩突然大量堆积，其数量超过了任何当代火山过程。最大的溢流玄武岩事件标志着许多主要热点最早的火山活动，这些活动被认为是由深层地幔柱引起的。溢流玄武岩和热点的熔化和喷发速率的相对体积及其时间和空间关系可以通过地幔柱起始模型来解释：溢流玄武岩代表地幔柱“头部”，热点代表与剩余地幔柱通道或“尾部”相关的持续岩浆作用。大陆裂谷不是必需的，尽管它通常发生在溢流玄武岩火山活动之后，并且溢流玄武岩省可能是海洋盆地和大陆热点活动开始的自然结果。
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.