Nicotine, carbon monoxide, and carcinogen exposure after a single use of a water pipe.
Nicotine, carbon monoxide, and carcinogen exposure after a single use of a water pipe.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0545
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benowitz NL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jacob P 3rd;Abu Raddaha AH;Dempsey D;Havel C;Peng M;Yu L;Benowitz NL
在世界上的许多地方，用水烟吸烟草制剂(水烟)很普遍，包括在美国，它在年轻人中特别受欢迎。许多人认为，水烟斗吸烟的危害比吸烟小。我们研究了吸烟一次对尼古丁、一氧化碳和致癌物的全身吸收。16名受试者在临床研究病房里抽水烟。检测呼出的一氧化碳和碳氧血红蛋白，分析血浆样本尼古丁浓度，分析尿样烟草特有的亚硝胺4-(甲基亚硝基)-1-(3-吡啶)-1-丁醇(NNAL)和多环芳烃(PAH)代谢物生物标志物浓度。我们发现血浆尼古丁浓度大幅增加，与吸烟相当，一氧化碳水平的增加比以前发表的吸烟通常观察到的要高得多。吸烟后尿中NNAL和PAH生物标志物的排泄量显著增加。吸烟量与吸烟相当的尼古丁表明可能会上瘾，而吸收大量致癌物质会增加人们对在水烟斗中吸烟烟草产品的癌症风险的担忧。我们的数据有助于理解水管使用对健康的影响。
Smoking tobacco preparations in a waterpipe (hookah) is widespread in many places of the world, including the US, where it is especially popular among young people. Many perceive waterpipe smoking to be less hazardous than cigarette smoking. We studied systemic absorption of nicotine, carbon monoxide, and carcinogens from one waterpipe smoking session. Sixteen subjects smoked a waterpipe on a clinical research ward. Expired carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin were measured, plasma samples were analyzed for nicotine concentrations, and urine samples were analyzed for the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1- butanol (NNAL) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite biomarker concentrations. We found substantial increases in plasma nicotine concentrations, comparable to cigarette smoking, and increases in carbon monoxide levels that are much higher than is typically observed from cigarette smoking, as previously published. Urinary excretion of NNAL and PAH biomarkers increased significantly following waterpipe smoking. Absorption of nicotine in amounts comparable to cigarette smoking indicates a potential for addiction, and absorption of significant amounts of carcinogens raises concerns of cancer risk in people who smoke tobacco products in waterpipes. Our data contributes to an understanding of the health impact of waterpipe use.