Analysis of the severe drought in Ireland in 2018
Analysis of the severe drought in Ireland in 2018
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DOI：
10.1002/wea.3587
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Fratianni, Simona
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falzoi, Simone;Gleeson, Emily;Fratianni, Simona
2018年夏季给爱尔兰带来了一场重大的气象干旱，6月25日是经历了寒冷的冬春之后的第一个正式干旱日。使用爱尔兰气象局(Met Eireann)气象站网络记录的气象数据来计算标准化降水指数(SPI)、正常指数百分比(PNI)和土壤水分亏缺(SMD)。此外，来自NASA Terra卫星的MODIS遥感数据被用于计算增强型植被指数(EVI)。通过将普通克立格插值法应用于气象观测，在每月尺度上估计全国干旱指数的覆盖率，显示了2018年干旱的进展。根据2018年SMD的分析，与1981-2010年的长期平均时期相比，爱尔兰部分地区记录了有记录以来最严重的干旱事件。SPI和PNI显示，虽然1月和4月是非常潮湿的月份，但随后所有月份直到9月的降雨量都很少。SMD显示5月和6月的天气较为干燥，7月14日达到最大值94.3毫米。2018年的环境影响指数与长期(2001-2017年)的平均环境影响指数之间的最大差异出现在该国南部和东部的5月和6月期间。这项对全国气候条件的分析表明，尽管爱尔兰全国范围内偶尔会发生干旱，但其影响在当地有所不同。
The summer of 2018 brought a significant meteorological drought to Ireland, with the 25(th) of June marking the first official day of drought after a cold winter/spring. Meteorological data recorded at Met eireann's (the Irish Meteorological Service) network of stations were used to calculate the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI), the Percent of Normal Index (PNI) and the Soil Moisture Deficit (SMD). In addition, MODIS remote sensing data from NASA's TERRA satellite was used to compute the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). The progress of the drought in 2018 has been shown by applying an ordinary kriging interpolation to meteorological observations to estimate the national coverage of drought indices at a monthly scale. According to the 2018 SMD analysis, parts of Ireland recorded their worst drought event on record when compared to the long-term average period of 1981-2010. The SPI and PNI illustrate that whilst the months of January and April were very wet, all subsequent months until September had low rainfall amounts. The SMD indicates drier values during May and June, reaching a maximum value of 94.3 mm on the 14(th) of July. The greatest difference between EVI in 2018 and the average EVI over a long-term period (2001-2017) occurred during the months of May and June in the south and east of the country. This analysis of climatological conditions across the country shows that whilst drought may occasionally occur on a national scale in Ireland, the impacts vary locally.