Greenhouse Mist Improves Yield of Tomato Plants Grown under Saline Conditions
Greenhouse Mist Improves Yield of Tomato Plants Grown under Saline Conditions
复制标题
温室喷雾提高了在盐碱条件下生长的番茄植株的产量
DOI：
10.21273/jashs.127.4.644
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
J. Cuartero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Romero;T. Soria;J. Cuartero
附加索引词。番茄，盐胁迫，植物水分吸收，水分关系，气体交换，产量。地中海沿岸地区灌溉水的高含盐量导致温室番茄作物产量显著下降。这种损失在春季和夏季生长季节增加时，高辐照度，温度和低湿度发生在温室内。这项研究确定了是否可以减轻盐诱导的产量损失，通过雾化温室大气增加湿度。“Daniela”番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）用添加到营养液中的0或50 mM NaCl灌溉，并在天然温室条件下或在白天每8分钟施加细雾的情况下生长。在正午时段，雾化使温室空气蒸气压亏损减少1.0至1.5千帕，使温室空气温度降低5至7摄氏度。雾减少根从介质中的水分吸收40%，在非盐渍化植物和15%，在含盐条件下。叶片中的钠浓度较低的雾盐渍植物比nonmisted盐渍植物。在中午的薄雾，在盐渍化和nonsalinized植物较少负叶水势和较高的叶膨压记录。中午的气孔导度和净CO2同化率的盐渍化雾植物分别为3和4倍，比记录在盐渍化nonmisted植物。雾化植物瞬时水分利用效率提高84%至100%，估计从净CO2同化蒸腾比。非盐渍植物生长与雾增加总叶面积的38%，干物质的10%，产量比nonmisted植物18%。盐渍植物生长与雾增加总植物叶面积的50%，干物质的80%，和产量的100%。温室喷雾导致在非盐条件下的总水输入31 L/株的节省，并在更大的产量和果实大小，无论盐度。结果表明，温室喷雾，在地中海春夏生长季节，提高番茄作物生产力在非盐和盐的生长条件下。在大气中的水蒸气和根和叶之间的水蒸气差异（格兰奇和手，1987年）。虽然盐对番茄植物生长和产量的毒性作用被广泛描述，但盐诱导的番茄植物水分关系的改变很少被研究（Romero-Aranda等人，2000）。特别地，没有关于温室中在土壤盐分和VPD的组合作用下番茄植物性能的可用信息。以下研究旨在确定春夏生长季节温室内的气候条件，并检查一个简单的雾化装置可能会在多大程度上增加温室内的湿度和低VPD。我们假设，温室湿度增加将改善水分关系参数，生长和产量的番茄植物生长在中度盐条件下。
ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Lycopersicon esculentum, salt stress, plant water uptake, water relations, gas exchange, yield ABSTRACT. High salinity levels in irrigation water available in Mediterranean coastal areas induce a significant loss of yield in greenhouse tomato crops. This loss increases during the spring-summer growing season when high irradiance, temperature, and low humidity occur within greenhouses. This study determined whether salt-induced yield losses could be alleviated by increasing humidity by misting the greenhouse atmosphere. Plants of 'Daniela' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), were irrigated with 0 or 50 mM NaCl added to the nutrient solution and grown under natural greenhouse conditions or under applications of fine mist every 8 min during the day. During midday hours, misting reduced greenhouse air vapor pressure deficit 1.0 to 1.5 kPa and reduced greenhouse air temperature 5 to 7 oC. Mist reduced root water uptake from the medium by 40% in nonsalinized plants and by 15% in saline conditions. Foliar concentration of Na was lower in misted-salinized plants than in nonmisted salinized plants. Less negative leaf water potential and higher leaf turgor were recorded with mist at midday, in both salinized and nonsalinized plants. Midday stomatal conductances and net CO2 assimilation rates of salinized-misted plants were 3 and 4 times higher, respectively, than those recorded in salinized-nonmisted plants. Misted plants increased instantaneous water use efficiency 84% to 100%, as estimated from the ratio of net CO2 assimilation to transpiration. Nonsalinized plants grown with mist increased total leaf area by 38%, dry matter by 10%, and yield by 18% over nonmisted plants. Salinized plants grown with mist increased total plant leaf area by 50%, dry matter by 80%, and yield by 100%. Greenhouse misting resulted in a saving of total water input of 31 L/plant under nonsaline conditions and in greater yields and fruit size regardless of salinity. Results suggest that greenhouse misting, during the Mediterranean spring-summer growing season, improves tomato crop productivity both under nonsaline and saline growth conditions. in the atmosphere and the water vapor differences between roots and leaves (Grange and Hand, 1987). Although toxic effects of salinity on tomato plant growth and yield are widely described, salinity-induced alteration of tomato plant water relations are much less frequently studied (Romero- Aranda et al., 2000). In particular, there is no information avail- able about tomato plant performance under the combined effect of soil salinity and VPD in the greenhouse. The following research was designed to determine the climatic conditions within the greenhouse during the spring-summer growing season and to examine to what degree a simple misting device might increase humidity and low VPD in the greenhouse. We hypothesized that increased greenhouse humidity would improve water relations parameters, growth, and yield of tomato plants grown under moderate saline conditions.