Superlattice formation from polydisperse ag nanoparticles by a vapor-diffusion method.
Superlattice formation from polydisperse ag nanoparticles by a vapor-diffusion method.
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200601233
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发表时间：
2006-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yang Yang-Yang;Shu-man Liu;K. Kimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yang Yang-Yang;Shu-man Liu;K. Kimura
合成方法的不断发展为赋予纳米粒子以可控的形貌和表面性质提供了越来越多的可能性，使其可以像“人造原子”一样被操纵。这些纳米粒子的组装将提供一个机会来研究和进一步调整它们的集体物理特性。[1]金属或半导体纳米颗粒的超晶格形成目前正在探索由自下而上的组装策略，其中包括在基底上金属纳米有机溶胶的溶剂蒸发，[1，2]通过沉降或沉淀从本体溶液中结晶纳米颗粒，[3]通过纳米颗粒和表面之间的超分子相互作用的湿沉积，[2d，4]和在油/水界面处组织纳米颗粒。[5]在大多数情况下，获得超晶格结构强烈依赖于高度单分散的纳米颗粒作为构建块。最近，我们报道了亲水性金属纳米颗粒是通过调节电解质浓度在空气/水界面形成二维或三维（2D或3D）超晶格的优良组分。[6]在此，我们使用亲水性巯基琥珀酸（MSA）覆盖的银纳米颗粒作为例子，并报告了通过将氯化氢（HCl）蒸气扩散到其本体水溶液中而容易形成超晶格。这种新方法可以在相对温和的条件下诱导在空气/水界面处构建完美的超晶格结构，特别是，不严格要求初始纳米颗粒集合体的高单分散性。（图1a）和它们的尺寸直方图（图1b）显示它们大致为球形，平均直径为4.8 nm。由分布计算的半高宽（fwhm）约为1.4nm，因此尺寸多分散性高达29%。的
Plenteous development of synthetic methods affords more and more possibilities to endow nanoparticles with controlled morphology and surface properties that can be manipulated as “artificial atoms”. Assembly of these nanoparticles would provide an opportunity to investigate and further tailor their collective physical properties.[1] Superlattice formation by metal or semiconductor nanoparticles is currently being explored by strategies of bottomup assembly, which include solvent evaporation of metal nano-organosols on a substrate,[1, 2] crystallization of nanoparticles from bulk solution by sedimentation or precipitation,[3] wet deposition by supramolecular interactions between the nanoparticles and a surface,[2d, 4] and organization of nanoparticles at oil/water interfaces.[5] In most cases, obtaining superlattice structures strongly depends on highly monodisperse nanoparticles as building blocks. Recently, we reported that hydrophilic metal nanoparticles are excellent components for formation of two-or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) superlattices at the air/water interface by adjusting the concentration of the electrolyte.[6] Herein, we use hydrophilic mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)-capped Ag nanoparticles as an example and report facile superlattice formation by vapor diffusion of hydrogen chloride (HCl) into their bulk aqueous solution. This new approach can induce the construction of perfect superlattice structure at air/water interfaces under relatively mild conditions and, in particular, high monodispersity of the initial nanoparticle ensemble is not strictly required.A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of the as-prepared MSA-capped Ag nanoparticles (Figure 1a) and their size histogram (Figure 1b) show that they are roughly spherical with an average diameter of 4.8 nm. The full width at half-maximum (fwhm) calculated from the distribution is about 1.4 nm, so the size polydispersity is up to 29%. The