Strategies for social inference: A similarity contingency model of projection and stereotyping in attribute prevalence estimates
Strategies for social inference: A similarity contingency model of projection and stereotyping in attribute prevalence estimates
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.573
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Ames, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ames, DR
感知者如何推断社会群体的普遍态度和品质的大多数模型都围绕着自我（社会投射，虚假共识）或刻板印象（刻板印象）。作者认为，人们依赖于这两个，这些推理策略，与感知的一般相似性缓和他们的使用，导致增加的投射水平和降低的刻板印象水平。三项研究具有现有的个人差异，感知相似性以及操纵的看法支持的预测，与相似性产生增加的投影，并减少刻板印象，各种内组和外组。证据表明，投影和刻板印象可能作为推理的替代品也出现了。该模型和相应的结果对社会比较和投射、刻板印象和偏见以及社会推理的研究具有启示意义。
Most models of how perceivers infer the widespread attitudes and qualities of social groups revolve around either the self (social projection, false consensus) or stereotypes (stereotyping). The author suggests people rely on both,of these inferential strategies, with perceived general similarity moderating their use, leading to increased levels of projection and decreased levels of stereotyping. Three studies featuring existing individual differences in perceived similarity as well as manipulated perceptions supported the predictions, with similarity yielding increased projection to, and decreased stereotyping of, various in-groups and out-groups. Evidence that projection and stereotyping may serve as inferential alternatives also emerged. The model and accompanying results have implications for research on social comparison and projection, stereotyping and prejudice, and social inference.