Correcting for nonavailability bias in surveys by weighting based on number of callbacks
Correcting for nonavailability bias in surveys by weighting based on number of callbacks
复制标题
通过基于回电次数的加权来纠正调查中的不可用性偏差
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Woodbury
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. F. Potthoff;K. Manton;M. Woodbury
摘要当抽样调查的被调查者与非被调查者不同时，可能会产生偏见。拒绝和不可用都会导致无应答。这里我们集中讨论不可用性。约40年前，Politz和Simmons以及Simmons提出了处理不可用性偏差的巧妙加权方案，但进一步的理论发展受到限制。与此同时，不仅面对面的调查继续蓬勃发展，而且电话调查也变得普遍。在这里，我们提出了加权技术，纠正非可用性偏差，但避免了早期方法的局限性。权重（取决于参数）基于从样本成员获得面试所需的回调数，通常随着回调数的增加而增加。如果样本设计生成的样本权重不完全相同，则这些外部权重很容易合并到分析中。我们假设p为贝塔分布，即样本在时间上的概率或比例。
Abstract When respondents to sample surveys differ from nonrespondents, bias can result. Nonresponse is produced by both refusal and nonavailability. Here we concentrate on nonavailability. Clever weighting schemes to deal with nonavailability bias were proposed about 40 years ago by Politz and Simmons and by Simmons, but further theoretical development has been limited. In the meantime, not only have in-person surveys continued to flourish, but telephone surveys also have become common. Herein we present weighting techniques that correct for nonavailability bias yet avoid limitations of earlier methods. The weights (which depend on parameters) are based on the number of callbacks needed to obtain the interview from the sample member, and usually increase with the number of callbacks. If a sample design generated sample weights that are not all the same, those external weights are easily incorporated into the analysis. We assume a beta distribution for p, the probability or proportion of time that a sampl...