Relationship between perception of facial emotions and anxiety in clinical depression: Does anxiety-related perception predict persistence of depression?
Relationship between perception of facial emotions and anxiety in clinical depression: Does anxiety-related perception predict persistence of depression?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0327(97)01432-8
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Mersch, PPA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouhuys, AL;Geerts, E;Mersch, PPA
在抑郁症人际理论的框架内，人们假设：1）临床抑郁症患者在面部表情感知方面可能表现出与焦虑相关的情绪一致性偏差； 2）负面面部情绪的感知将与同时发生的焦虑水平相关，而不是与抑郁相关，3）假定的与焦虑相关的偏见将预测随后的抑郁病程。这种关系将支持消极偏见对抑郁症持续存在可能存在的因果作用。 研究对象为 39 名抑郁症患者（其中 36 名患者符合重度抑郁症标准，2 名患有心境恶劣障碍，1 名患者患有循环性心境障碍）。患者在入院时 (TO) 以及 6 周 (T1) 和 30 周 (T2) 后根据他们表达的情绪（恐惧、快乐、愤怒、悲伤、厌恶、惊讶、拒绝和邀请）来判断示意性面孔。在这三个点上评估抑郁症的严重程度 (BDI) 和焦虑症 (SCL-90)。我们发现前 2 个假设得到了相当大的支持：a) 负面情绪的感知与焦虑有关，但与抑郁无关（在 T0 时这种关联很显着，在 T1 和 T2 时发现了趋势）； b）当抑郁水平得到控制时，在三个不同时间点的每一个时间点，焦虑和负面情绪感知之间仍然存在（出现）显着的关系； c) 当抑郁/焦虑发生巨大变化时，即 30 周后，受试者体内的焦虑和负面情绪感知存在共变。当抑郁症的变化被部分排除后，这种关系就消失了。第三个假设没有得到证实：对负面情绪的感知并不能预测抑郁症的病程。虽然无法发现焦虑抑郁症患者对抑郁持续性和对互动相关刺激（即面部情绪）的感知存在负面偏见的直接关系，但这种与焦虑相关的负面偏见的存在形成了间接证据，证明这种负面偏见可能会介导他人对抑郁症患者的排斥态度，从而可能导致抑郁症的不利病程。 (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Within the framework of interpersonal theories on depression, it was postulated 1) that an anxiety-related mood-congruent bias with respect to the perception of facial expressions could be demonstrated in clinically depressed patients; 2) that the perception of negative facial emotions would be associated with co-occurring anxiety levels rather than with depression, and 3) that the putative anxiety-related bias would predict the subsequent course of depression. Such relationships would support the possible causal role of negative biases for the persistence of depression.Thirty-nine depressed patients (thirty-six patients met the criteria for major depression, two had a dysthymic disorder and one patient suffered from a cyclothymic disorder) were studied. The patients judged schematic faces with respect to the emotions they express (fear, happiness, anger, sadness, disgust, surprise, rejection and invitation) at admission (TO), and after 6 (T1) and 30 (T2) weeks. Severity of depression (BDI) and anxiety (SCL-90) were assessed at these three points.We found considerable support for the first 2 hypotheses: a) The perception of negative emotions was related to anxiety but not to depression (at T0 this association was significant and at T1 and T2 tendencies were found); b) When the level of depression was controlled for, significant relationships remained (emerged) between anxiety and the perception of negative emotions at each of the three different time points; c) Anxiety and perception of negative emotions covaried within subjects when large changes in depression/anxiety were involved, i.e. after 30 weeks. This relationship disappeared when depression change was partialled out. The third hypothesis was not confirmed: The perception of negative emotions did not predict the course of depression.Although a direct relationship with depression persistence and a negative bias in the perception of interaction-relevant stimuli (i.e. facial emotions) in anxious depressed patients could not be found, the existence of such anxiety-related negative bias forms indirect evidence for the notion that this negative bias may mediate rejective attitudes of others towards depressives and consequently may contribute to an unfavourable course of depression. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.