PATTERNS OF FLOCK SIZE, DIET, AND VIGILANCE OF NATURALIZED MONK PARAKEETS IN HYDE PARK, CHICAGO
PATTERNS OF FLOCK SIZE, DIET, AND VIGILANCE OF NATURALIZED MONK PARAKEETS IN HYDE PARK, CHICAGO
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芝加哥海德公园归化僧侣鹦鹉的群体大小、饮食和警惕性模式
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Pruett
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作者：
J. South;S. Pruett
研究了伊利诺斯州芝加哥市海德公园入籍的僧侣长尾小鹦鹉（Myiopsitta monachus）的饮食模式、觅食群体规模和警惕程度。长尾小鹦鹉表现出高度季节性和多样化的饮食，包括水果、种子和芽，它们在冬季几乎完全以后院喂食站提供的鸟食为食。鸟类以1 ~ 31只鸟为一群觅食，但大多数鸟群的数量为10只或更少。觅食群体在秋季和初冬最大，在春初开始繁殖时最小。僧侣长尾小鹦鹉会随着群体规模的变化调整它们的警惕性。个体警戒努力随着群体规模的增加而下降，这是由于扫描时间和扫描次数的减少。长尾小鹦鹉在任何给定时间内表现出警惕性的数量也随着群的大小而减少。僧侣长尾小鹦鹉的高度适应性和多样化的饮食很可能对其种群在北美各种栖息地的持续和增长做出了巨大贡献。
Abstract We examined patterns of diet, foraging group size, and vigilance effort of naturalized Monk Parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Hyde Park, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Parakeets exhibited a highly seasonal and varied diet consisting of fruits, seeds, and buds, and they fed almost exclusively on birdseed provided at backyard feeding stations during the winter months. Birds foraged in groups of 1 to 31 birds, but most flocks were of 10 birds or less. Foraging group size was greatest in the fall and early winter, and smallest at the beginning of the spring when breeding began. Monk Parakeets adjusted their vigilance effort with changes in flock size. Individual vigilance effort declined with increasing flock size through a decrease in time spent scanning as well as the number of times scans were initiated. The number of parakeets exhibiting vigilance in a flock at any given time also decreased with flock size. It is likely that the highly adaptable and varied diet of Monk Parakeets contributes greatly to the persistence and growth of populations in a variety of North American habitats.