Detailing the economy-wide carbon emission reduction potential of post-consumer recycling
Detailing the economy-wide carbon emission reduction potential of post-consumer recycling
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105263
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
H. Ohno;Yosuke Shigetomi;Andrew J. Chapman;Y. Fukushima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Ohno;Yosuke Shigetomi;Andrew J. Chapman;Y. Fukushima
对于能源供应脱碳以外的深度碳减排，在减排流中，回收引起的消除物质保留碳（MRC）排放到大气中具有很大的直接减排潜力。此外，使用回收材料间接避免了原生材料从摇篮到大门的碳足迹，否则这些材料将进入人为循环。这些事实已经分别揭示了回收技术和碳足迹会计的生命周期评估的研究。然而，对特定废物和再循环技术的有限关注可能会缩小今后发展再循环活动的范围。本研究通过基于投入产出的物质流分析，全面量化回收活动的碳减排潜力。在这里，我们揭示了日本经济范围内的潜在减排量，包括直接（12.8 × 106 t-CO2）和间接（17.5 × 106 t-CO2），这些减排量可以通过2011年家庭最大限度的MRC回收（即消费后回收）来实现，超过了通过垃圾焚烧的潜在能源回收（3.1 × 106 t-CO2）。此外，我们发现，目前未被回收法律涵盖的含塑料产品的焚烧可能导致3.9 × 106 t-CO2排放。这些是涵盖整个国家经济结构的消费后再循环减少潜力的一阶估计数。回收活动中能源引起的碳排放不包括在这些估计中，允许扣除回收活动的可接受能源使用。已确定的价值链上的直接和间接减少结构可以有效地指导回收技术和政策的进步，以实现社会的深度脱碳。
For deep carbon emission reductions beyond decarbonization of the energy supply, among reduction streams, recycling-induced elimination of materially retained carbon (MRC) releases to the atmosphere have a great direct reduction potential. Moreover, the use of recycled materials indirectly avoids the manifestation of cradle-to-gate carbon footprints of virgin materials that would otherwise enter anthropogenic cycles. These facts have been individually revealed by preceding studies on lifecycle assessment of recycling technologies and carbon footprint accounting. However, the limited focus on specific wastes and technologies for recycling might narrow the range for the future development of recycling activities. This study comprehensively quantifies the carbon emission reduction potential of recycling activities through an input-output based material flow analysis. Here, we reveal the Japanese economy-wide potential emission savings, both direct (12.8 × 106t-CO2) and indirect (17.5 × 106t-CO2), that could have been achieved through maximal MRC recycling from households (i.e. post-consumer recycling) in 2011, outweighing potential energy recovery through waste incineration (3.1 × 106t-CO2). Further, we found that incineration of plastic-containing products currently not covered by recycling laws is likely to cause 3.9 × 106t-CO2emission. These are first-order estimates of reduction potentials of post-consumer recycling encompassing the entire national economic structure. Energy-induced carbon emissions in recycling activities are excluded from these estimates, allowing for deduction of acceptable energy usage for recycling activities. The identified structures of direct and indirect reductions on value chains allow for efficiently directing the advancement of recycling technologies and policies toward the deep decarbonization of society.