Density and hydration of fresh and fixed human skeletal muscle
Density and hydration of fresh and fixed human skeletal muscle
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.10.001
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lieber, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ward, SR;Lieber, RL
骨骼肌的最大强直张力（P-o）通常基于生理横截面积（PCSA）的计算来估计。PCSA取决于肌肉体积、羽状角和纤维长度。记录固定人体肌肉中PCSA的研究通常通过将肌肉质量除以密度来计算肌肉体积。这些研究使用的密度值为1.0597 g/cm（3），该值最初基于未固定的家兔和犬肌肉组织。由于不同固定方法的脱水效应、固定组织储存在缓冲盐水中时发生的可变水合作用以及种属特异性肌肉密度的可能性，该值可能不正确，需要固定人体肌肉密度的准确值。为了获得准确的密度和含水量值，将4%去甲醛固定（n = 54）和37%去甲醛固定（n = 54）的尸体人肌肉样品分为6组（0、6、12、18、24或30 h），在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）中进行水合。测量体积、含水量和质量，从而能够计算肌肉密度。另外，测量活肌肉（n = 4）中的水含量以确定在PBS中的适当水合时间。各组之间的比较表明，随着时间的推移，肌肉含水量和肌肉体积显着增加，24小时后达到活组织水平，但有趣的是，水合过程并没有影响肌肉密度。这些数据得出4%甲醛固定肌肉的密度值（平均值+/- SE）为1.112 +/- 0.006 g/cm（3），37%甲醛固定肌肉的密度值为1.055 +/- 0.006 g/cm（3）。这些结果表明，使用不适当的水合时间或密度值可能会产生5- 10%的PCSA误差。(c)2004爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The maximum tetanic tension of skeletal muscle (P-o) is often estimated based on calculation of physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA). PCSA depends on muscle volume, pennation angle, and fiber length. Studies documenting PCSA in fixed human muscles usually compute muscle volume by dividing muscle mass by density. These studies use a density value of 1.0597 g/cm(3), which was originally based on unfixed rabbit and canine muscle tissue. Due to the dehydration effects of different fixation methods, the variable hydration that occurs when fixed tissue is stored in buffered saline, and the potential for species-specific muscle density, this value may be incorrect and an accurate value for fixed human muscle density is needed. To obtain an accurate density and water content values, 4% formaldehyde-fixed (n = 54) and 37% formaldehyde-fixed (n = 54) cadaveric human muscle samples were divided into 6 groups (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, or 30 h) for hydration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Measurements of volume, water content, and mass were made enabling calculation of muscle density. Additionally, water content was measured in living muscle (n = 4) to determine the appropriate hydration time in PBS. Comparisons among groups demonstrated a significant increase in muscle water content and muscle volume over time, reaching living tissue levels after 24 h, but, interestingly, the hydration process did not affect muscle density. These data yield a density value (mean +/- SE) of 1.112 +/- 0.006 g/cm(3) in 4% formaldehyde-fixed muscle and 1.055 +/- 0.006 g/cm(3) in 37% formaldehyde-fixed muscle. These results indicate that the use of inappropriate hydration times or density values can produce PCSA errors of 5-10%. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.