The ocular surface epithelial barrier and other mechanisms of mucosal protection: from allergy to infectious diseases.
The ocular surface epithelial barrier and other mechanisms of mucosal protection: from allergy to infectious diseases.
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DOI：
10.1097/aci.0b013e3283645899
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Argüeso P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mantelli F;Mauris J;Argüeso P
在过去十年完成的研究提供了新的见解上皮糖萼在维持眼表屏障功能的作用。这篇综述总结了这些研究结果，其相关性过敏性和传染性疾病，并强调了利用屏障完整性的调制治疗增益的潜在好处。密封相邻眼表上皮细胞之间空间的分子组分，如紧密连接，已被广泛表征，并建立了它们对细胞旁屏障的贡献。第二层保护-跨细胞屏障-是由跨膜粘蛋白及其糖萼上的O-聚糖提供的。细胞表面聚糖结合碳水化合物结合蛋白，以促进复合物的形成，该复合物不再被认为是静态结构，而是响应外部信号并调节致病反应的动态系统。虽然作为一种保护机制来维持体内平衡，糖萼也限制了药物靶向上皮细胞。保护眼表上皮细胞的细胞间连接的传统模型最近已扩展到包括额外的聚糖屏障，其内衬于眼表上的顶膜。更好地了解这一顶屏障可能会导致更好的管理眼表疾病。
Studies completed in the last decade provide new insights into the role of the epithelial glycocalyx in maintaining ocular surface barrier function. This review summarizes these findings, their relevance to allergic and infectious disease, and highlights the potential benefits of exploiting the modulation of barrier integrity for therapeutic gain. The molecular components sealing the space between adjacent ocular surface epithelial cells, such as tight junctions, have been extensively characterized, and their contribution to the paracellular barrier established. A second layer of protection—the transcellular barrier—is provided by transmembrane mucins and their O-glycans on the glycocalyx. Cell surface glycans bind carbohydrate-binding proteins to promote formation of complexes that are no longer thought to be a static structure, but, instead, a dynamic system that responds to extrinsic signals and modulates pathogenic responses. While functioning as a protective mechanism to maintain homeostasis, the glycocalyx also restricts drug targeting of epithelial cells. The traditional model of intercellular junctions protecting the ocular surface epithelia has recently been expanded to include an additional glycan shield that lines apical membranes on the ocular surface. A better understanding of this apical barrier may lead to better management of ocular surface disease.