Role of non-wood forest products for local livelihoods in countries with transition and market economies: case studies in Ukraine and Sweden
Role of non-wood forest products for local livelihoods in countries with transition and market economies: case studies in Ukraine and Sweden
复制标题
非木质林产品对转型国家和市场经济国家当地生计的作用：乌克兰和瑞典的案例研究
DOI：
10.1080/02827581.2011.629622
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
P. Angelstam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Stryamets;M. Elbakidze;P. Angelstam
非木材林产品在地方经济中的作用在时间和空间上存在差异。我们分析了乌克兰和瑞典与nwfp使用相关的国家政策和管理规则，并描述了乌克兰和瑞典农村地区不同的森林利益相关者如何利用nwfp。我们总共采访了两国一个农村地区定居点的114名当地森林利益相关者。实地研究的主题是：(1)不同森林用户类别的西北森林资源采伐的原因和数量；(2)西北边疆区使用的传统做法，包括收获方法；(3)这些做法在过去几十年里发生了什么变化。在国家一级，这两个国家都允许利用大多数西北森林森林资源，但没有对其使用进行管制，也没有将西北森林森林资源纳入森林管理计划。在这两个案例研究中，历史上nwfp的使用是密集的。这种用法在乌克兰仍然很重要，但在瑞典则不然。由于乌克兰艰难的经济转型，当地人对无核废料的使用有所增加。虽然在瑞典的案例研究中，狩猎作为一种传统更受欢迎，但在两个案例研究中，森林的休闲利用都很受欢迎。最后，我们讨论了nwfs在转型和市场经济国家中的作用，以及这些国家在多大程度上支持nwfs的可持续利用。
Abstract The role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in local economies differ in time and space. We analysed Ukrainian and Swedish national policies and management rules related to the use of NWFPs, and described how different forest stakeholders utilised NWFPs in rural areas in Ukraine and Sweden. In total we interviewed 114 local forest stakeholders in one rural region's settlements in both countries. The topics for the field study were (1) the reasons and amounts of NWFPs harvested by different forest user categories; (2) traditional practices of NWFP use, including harvesting methods and (3) how these practices have changed over the past decades. At the national level, both countries allowed the utilisation of most NWFPs, did not regulate the use, and did not include NWFPs into forest management plans. In both case studies, historical use of NWFPs was intensive. This use remained important in Ukraine, but not in Sweden. Due to difficult economic transition in Ukraine, use of NWFPs by locals has increased. While hunting as a tradition was more popular in the Swedish case study, recreational use of forest was popular in both case studies. Finally, we discuss the role of NWFPs in countries with transition and market economies, and the extent to which the countries support sustainable use of NWFPs.