Response Monitoring and Adjustment: Differential Relations With Psychopathic Traits
Response Monitoring and Adjustment: Differential Relations With Psychopathic Traits
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DOI：
10.1037/a0037229
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Verona, Edelyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bresin, Konrad;Finy, M. Sima;Verona, Edelyn
关于精神病与认知功能之间关系的研究往往显示出好坏参半的结果，部分原因是精神病的不同因素没有得到充分考虑。在以往研究的基础上，我们基于两因素模型（人际-情感特征和冲动-反社会特征）预测了不同的结果。具体来说，我们预测人际情感特征的独特差异将与监测（即与错误相关的消极性）和对错误的调整（即后验减缓）的增加有关，而冲动性反社会特征将与这些过程的减少有关。三个研究使用了不同的评估工具、样本和方法，以确定精神病的两个主要因素的反应监测相关性。在研究1（本科生）、2（青少年）和3（罪犯）中，人际情感特征与错误后调整的增加有关，在研究3中，与错误监测的加强有关。冲动-反社会特征在研究中并不总是与错误调整相关，尽管这些特征在研究3中与错误监测不足有关。这一结果可能有助于解释之前混杂的发现，并对精神病的病因模型提出建议。
Studies on the relation between psychopathy and cognitive functioning often show mixed results, partially because different factors of psychopathy have not been considered fully. Based on previous research, we predicted divergent results based on a 2-factor model of psychopathy (interpersonal-affective traits and impulsive-antisocial traits). Specifically, we predicted that the unique variance of interpersonal-affective traits would be related to increased monitoring (i.e., error-related negativity) and adjusting to errors (i.e., posterror slowing), whereas impulsive-antisocial traits would be related to reductions in these processes. Three studies using a diverse selection of assessment tools, samples, and methods are presented to identify response monitoring correlates of the 2 main factors of psychopathy. In Studies 1 (undergraduates), 2 (adolescents), and 3 (offenders), interpersonal-affective traits were related to increased adjustment following errors and, in Study 3, to enhanced monitoring of errors. Impulsive-antisocial traits were not consistently related to error adjustment across the studies, although these traits were related to a deficient monitoring of errors in Study 3. The results may help explain previous mixed findings and advance implications for etiological models of psychopathy.