Fast food, phosphorus-containing additives, and the renal diet
Fast food, phosphorus-containing additives, and the renal diet
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DOI：
10.1053/j.jrn.2008.05.007
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Sehgal, Ashwini R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sarathy, Srilekha;Sullivan, Catherine;Sehgal, Ashwini R.
目的：血液透析患者通常食用快餐，但由于其钠，钾或磷含量，许多菜单项与肾脏饮食不相容。此外，快餐的磷含量对患者来说很难估计，因为含磷添加剂通常被添加到许多快餐中。我们试图确定有多少快餐主菜和配菜与肾脏dietes.Methods兼容：我们检查了15家快餐连锁店提供的营养成分标签和成分表。每个主菜和配菜首先根据传统标准（有限的钠，钾，和天然存在的磷含量）进行评估，然后根据存在的含磷additive.Results：在所有餐厅的804总主菜，415（52%）是可以接受的，根据传统标准，但只有128（16%）也是免费的含磷添加剂。在163个配菜中，37个（23%）根据传统标准是可以接受的，27个（17%）也不含含磷添加剂。有没有可接受的主菜在3个连锁店，没有可接受的配菜在5 chains.Conclusion：只有一小部分的快餐主菜和配菜是兼容的肾脏饮食。含磷添加剂的广泛使用是血液透析患者获得可接受的快餐选择的主要障碍。我们建议限制含磷添加剂的使用，并在营养成分标签中包含磷含量。(C)2008年，美国国家肾脏基金会（National Kidney Foundation，Inc.）
Objective: Fast food is commonly consumed by hemodialysis patients, but many menu items are not compatible with renal diets because of their sodium, potassium, or phosphorus content. Moreover, the phosphorus content of fast foods is difficult for patients to estimate, because phosphorus-containing additives are commonly added to many fast foods. We sought to determine how many fast-food entrees and side dishes are compatible with renal diets.Methods: We examined nutrition-facts labels and ingredient lists provided by 15 fast-food chains. Each entree and side dish was first assessed according to traditional criteria (limited sodium, potassium, and naturally occurring phosphorus content), and then according to the presence of a phosphorus -containing additive.Results: Of 804 total entrees across all restaurants, 415 (52%) were acceptable according to traditional criteria, but only 128 (16%) were also free of phosphorus-containing additives. Of 163 total side dishes, 37 (23%) were acceptable according to traditional criteria, and 27 (17%) were also free of phosphorus-containing additives. There were no acceptable entrees at 3 chains, and no acceptable side dishes at 5 chains.Conclusion: Only a small proportion of fast-food entrees and side dishes are compatible with renal diets. The widespread use of phosphorus-containing additives is a major impediment to the availability of acceptable fast-food choices for hemodialysis patients. We recommend limiting the use of phosphorus-containing additives, and including phosphorus content in nutrition-facts labels. (C) 2008 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc.