Two-way communication: Volatile emission and uptake occur through the same barriers
Two-way communication: Volatile emission and uptake occur through the same barriers
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双向沟通：挥发性物质的排放和吸收通过相同的屏障发生
DOI：
10.1016/j.molp.2022.11.006
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
27.5
通讯作者：
Dudareva, Natalia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Widhalm, Joshua R.;Shih, Meng-Ling;Morgan, John A.;Dudareva, Natalia
挥发性有机化合物（VOC）从地上器官释放到大气中和/或从根部释放到土壤中，使植物能够与其环境（包括彼此）交流和相互作用。植物与植物之间通过挥发性有机化合物进行的通讯包括种内和种间信号传递以及植物自身信号传递。在一些受体组织中，例如，VOC感知包括储存修饰的VOC以直接防御食草动物（Sugimoto et al.，2014）或增加对非生物胁迫的耐受性（Zhao等人，2020年）。此外，或可替代地，感知到的VOC可能会引发植物防御的信号级联（Brosset和Blande，2022）。在所有情况下，植物挥发性有机化合物首先释放到环境中，然后被相同或邻近的植物吸收和感知。虽然在过去几年中已经取得了重大进展，以阐明VOCs是如何从植物细胞中释放的，但这些研究也揭示了关于如何通过细胞屏障输入交流VOCs的新问题。最近的综述（洛雷托和D 'Auria，2022; Wang和Erb，2022）和特刊（Vlot和Rosenkranz，2022）提出了VOC感知和信号传导的机制。在这篇评论文章中，我们揭示了关于VOC输入的知识差距，并为未来的研究提供了观点，旨在了解植物中VOC介导的通讯的分子机制。植物VOC直接从受损的细胞和毛状体蒸发到环境中;然而，从完整组织发射的那些必须穿过亚细胞膜和质膜，含水细胞壁，以及在到达环境之前的角质层或通向气孔的空气空间。长期以来，人们一直认为VOC是被动扩散穿过每个细胞屏障的。要做到这一点，植物将需要在细胞膜中积累有毒水平的VOC以驱动观察到的排放速率（Widhalm等人，2015）。这些建模预测已通过生化和遗传实验得到验证，表明在矮牵牛花中，需要转运蛋白来将VOC运输穿过质膜（Adebesin等人，2017）和非特异性脂质转移蛋白促进VOC穿过亲水性细胞壁的移动（Liao et al.，2022年）。在非植物性气生组织中，角质层用作VOC的汇/集中器以调节排放并保护细胞免于将VOC累积至毒性水平（Liao等人，2021年）。营养组织中的VOC也可以采取相同的初始路径，但更可能从细胞壁扩散到空气空间中以经由气孔释放（Niinemets等人，2014）。
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released from aboveground organs into the atmosphere and/or from roots into the soil, allowing plants to communicate and interact with their environment, including with each other. Plant–plant communication via VOCs includes intra-and inter-species signaling as well as within-plant self-signaling. In some recipient tissues, for example, VOC perception encompasses storing the modified VOC for direct defense against herbivores (Sugimoto et al., 2014) or increasing tolerance to abiotic stresses (Zhao et al., 2020). In addition, or alternatively, perceived VOCs may initiate signaling cascades that prime plant defenses (Brosset and Blande, 2022). In all cases, plant VOCs are first released into the environment before being taken up and perceived by the same or neighboring plants. While significant progress has been made over the last several years to elucidate how VOCs are released from plant cells, these studies have also revealed new questions about how communicated VOCs are imported across cellular barriers. Recent reviews (Loreto and D’Auria, 2022; Wang and Erb, 2022) and a special issue (Vlot and Rosenkranz, 2022) have proposed mechanisms for VOC perception and signaling. In this Opinion piece, we shed light on the gaps in knowledge about VOC import and offer perspectives for future research aiming at understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying VOC-mediated communication in plants.Plant VOCs directly vaporize from damaged cells and trichomes into the environment; however, those emitted from intact tissues must cross subcellular and plasma membranes, the aqueous cell wall, and either the cuticle or air spaces leading to stomata before reaching the environment. VOCs were long assumed to passively diffuse across each cellular barrier. For this to be true, plants would need to accumulate toxic levels of VOCs in cellular membranes to drive observed emission rates (Widhalm et al., 2015). These modeling predictions have since been validated by biochemical and genetic experiments showing that, in petunia flowers, a transporter is needed to traffic VOCs across the plasma membrane (Adebesin et al., 2017) and non-specific lipid transfer proteins facilitate VOC movement across the hydrophilic cell wall (Liao et al., 2022). In non-vegetative aerial tissues, the cuticle serves as a sink/concentrator for VOCs to modulate emission and protect cells from accumulating VOCs to toxic levels (Liao et al., 2021). VOCs in vegetative tissues may also take the same initial path but are more likely to diffuse from the cell wall into air spaces for release via stomata (Niinemets et al., 2014).