ACETAZOLAMIDE AND HIGH-ALTITUDE DISEASES
ACETAZOLAMIDE AND HIGH-ALTITUDE DISEASES
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DOI：
10.1055/s-2007-1024597
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发表时间：
1992-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
IMRAY, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRADWELL, AR;WRIGHT, AD;IMRAY, C
乙酰唑胺是一种有效的预防急性高山病引起头痛，恶心，呕吐，虚弱等显着减少改善与动脉血氧浓度增加，减少蛋白尿和外周水肿和其他客观措施的急性高山病。乙酰唑胺对肺水肿或脑水肿有益的证据很少，因为这些严重形式的高山病的发生率较低。地塞米松，用于治疗，也减少急性高山病的症状，部分原因是由于其欣快效应。使用乙酰唑胺作为治疗急性高原病已被调查。大剂量的乙酰唑胺在几个小时内增加动脉血氧水平，这导致症状减轻，但数据有限，在紧急情况下，更快起效的碳酸酐抑制剂如醋甲唑胺可能是优选的。目前还没有将乙酰唑胺与其他用于治疗急性高原病的药物（如类固醇和钙通道阻滞剂）的有效性进行比较。此外，也没有关于药物组合的数据，这些药物组合可能具有累加效应，从而比单个药物更有益。
Acetazolamide is a useful prophylactic for acute mountain sickness causing marked reduction in headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness, etc. Improvements correlate with increased arterial oxygen concentrations, reduction in proteinuria and peripheral oedema and other objective measures of acute mountain sickness. Evidence that Acetazolamide is beneficial for pulmonary oedema or cerebral oedema is scanty because of the lower frequency of these severe forms of mountain sickness. Dexamethasone, used prophylactically, also reduces the symptoms of acute mountain sickness partly due to its euphoric effect. Use of Acetazolamide as a treatment for established acute mountain sickness has been investigated. Large doses of Acetazolamide increase arterial oxygen levels over a few hours and this leads to a reduction of symptoms but data is limited and faster acting carbonic anhydrides inhibitors such as Methazolamide may be preferable in an emergency situation. There is no comparison of the effectiveness of Acetazolamide with other drugs used for treating acute mountain sickness such as steroids and calcium channel blocking drugs. Also, there is no data on drug combinations which could have additive effects and thereby be more beneficial than individual drugs.