State Estimates of Nonmedical Use of Prescription Pain Relievers
State Estimates of Nonmedical Use of Prescription Pain Relievers
复制标题
处方止痛药非医疗用途的国家估计
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Hughes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Lipari;A. Hughes
尽管绝大多数服用处方止痛药的人不会滥用它们，但止痛药的滥用是仅次于大麻的滥用，是美国最普遍的非法药物问题因此，处方止痛药的滥用是一个主要的公共卫生问题，自2002年以来，有超过2600万人开始使用非医疗处方止痛药，这是一个持续的问题处方止痛药的使用是安全的。当在医疗监督下适当使用时，诸如氢可酮（如维柯丁®）、羟考酮（如奥施康定®）和美沙酮等止痛药可通过减轻疼痛和痛苦而在医学上有益。然而，如果在没有医生指导的情况下服用，则会有较高的严重不良后果风险，如药物使用障碍、过量或死亡自2008年以来，处方止痛药过量已导致近1.5万人死亡。处方止痛药的非医疗使用每年给健康保险公司造成的直接医疗费用高达755亿美元非医疗使用处方止痛药的地理差异数据可能与制定有针对性的预防和治疗方案有关。决策者可以使用州和州以下级别的信息来帮助他们评估其社区的药物滥用预防和治疗需求。
Although the vast majority of people who take prescription pain relievers do not misuse them,1 pain reliever misuse is second only to marijuana use as the nation's most prevalent illicit drug problem.2 As a result, the misuse of prescription pain relievers is a major public health concern, and with over 26 million people initiating nonmedical prescription pain reliever use since 2002, it is a continuing problem.3 Prescription pain reliever use can be safe. When used appropriately under medical supervision, pain relievers such as hydrocodone (e.g., Vicodin®), oxycodone (e.g., OxyContin®), and methadone can be medically beneficial by reducing pain and suffering. However, when taken without a physician's direction, there is a higher risk of serious adverse consequences such as substance use disorder, overdose, or death.4,5 Prescription pain reliever overdoses have resulted in nearly 15,000 deaths since 2008.6 Nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers costs health insurers up to $75.5 billion annually in direct health care costs.6 Data on geographic variation in the nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers may be relevant for developing targeted prevention and treatment programs. Policymakers can use stateand substate-level information to help inform their assessments of substance abuse prevention and treatment needs in their communities.