Seabirds as adhesive seed dispersers of alien and native plants in the oceanic Ogasawara Islands, Japan
Seabirds as adhesive seed dispersers of alien and native plants in the oceanic Ogasawara Islands, Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-012-0336-9
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Chiba, Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aoyama, Yukiko;Kawakami, Kazuto;Chiba, Satoshi
以前的研究表明，植物种子传播到海洋岛屿主要是由于鸟类。然而，很少有研究评估的作用，粘合剂传播的鸟类，即使这种机制一直被认为是一个主要的载体的种子运输。一些数据表明，海鸟的粘附迁移可能将外来植物种子转移到岛屿生态系统中。在本研究中，我们研究了海鸟的种子扩散能力的岛屿之间的海洋小笠原群岛，日本。我们利用捕获调查来检查种子粘附海鸟的频率，并测试种子的耐盐性。利用广义线性模型分析了植物种类的分布和植物与海鸟分布之间的关系。在16- 32%捕获的海鸟身上发现了9种植物物种的种子，包括外来物种。种子包括那些通常被认为是通过风传播或通过鸟类的内脏内部运输的种子。种子暴露于NaCl溶液等渗与海水长达8小时遭受很少或没有损失的生活力。植物分布的分析表明，一些植物和海鸟的分布之间的正相关关系。这些结果表明，海鸟有效地传播了本地和引进的植物物种的种子。这是第一项全面评估海鸟粘性种子传播的研究;它提供了关于远距离传播的重要信息。
Previous studies have shown that the dispersal of plant seeds to oceanic islands is largely attributable to birds. However, few studies have assessed the role of adhesive dispersal by birds even though this mechanism has long been recognized as a major vector of seed transport. Some data point to the possibility that adhesive transport by seabirds transfers alien plant seeds in island ecosystems. In the present study, we examined the seed-dispersing ability of seabirds among islands in the oceanic Ogasawara Islands, Japan. We used capture surveys to examine the frequency of seeds adhering to seabirds and tested the salt tolerances of the seeds. The distributions of the plant species were examined and the relationships between plant and seabird distributions were analyzed using generalized linear models. Seeds of nine plant species, including aliens, were detected on 16-32 % of captured seabirds. Seeds included those generally considered to be dispersed by wind or internally transported by birds in their guts. Seeds exposed to NaCl solution isotonic with seawater for up to 8 h suffered little or no loss of viability. Analyses of plant distributions demonstrated positive relationships between the distributions of some plants and seabirds. These results show that seabirds effectively disperse seeds of both native and introduced plant species. This is the first study to comprehensively assess adhesive seed dispersal by seabirds; it provides essential information on long-distance dispersal.