Exosomal miRNAs: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential.
Exosomal miRNAs: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential.
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外泌体 miRNA：生物学特性和治疗潜力
DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2012.00056
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chen XM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu G;Drescher KM;Chen XM
MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是一种小的非编码调控RNA，在转录后水平调节基因的表达，是一系列细胞过程的主要调节者。MiRNA表达的改变可能是疾病发展和/或进展的决定因素，而操纵miRNA的表达可能是一种潜在的治疗途径。外切体是细胞来源的胞外小泡，促进细胞间的通讯和免疫调节功能。这些“生物活性小泡”将包括miRNAs在内的各种分子运送到受体细胞。从外切体中不适当地释放miRNAs可能会导致影响疾病发展的生物途径的重大变化，支持含有miRNA的外切体可以作为特定疾病的靶向治疗的概念。本文就外体miRNAs的生物学、功能和治疗潜力等方面的最新进展作一综述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, are master regulators of a wide array of cellular processes. Altered miRNA expression could be a determinant of disease development and/or progression and manipulation of miRNA expression represents a potential avenue of therapy. Exosomes are cell-derived extracellular vesicles that promote cell–cell communication and immunoregulatory functions. These “bioactive vesicles” shuttle various molecules, including miRNAs, to recipient cells. Inappropriate release of miRNAs from exosomes may cause significant alterations in biological pathways that affect disease development, supporting the concept that miRNA-containing exosomes could serve as targeted therapies for particular diseases. This review briefly summarizes recent advances in the biology, function, and therapeutic potential of exosomal miRNAs.