Reconstructing metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Reconstructing metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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DOI：
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.57
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Baker, Brett J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dombrowski, Nina;Donaho, John A.;Baker, Brett J.
2010年墨西哥湾的深水地平线井喷是最大的海洋石油泄漏之一（1），改变了水柱和沉积物中的细菌群落，因为它们对复杂的碳氢化合物混合物做出了反应（2-4）。群落组成的变化与碳氢化合物的微生物降解和使用有关（2，5，6），但细菌碳氢化合物降解剂的全部遗传潜力和分类特异性代谢仍然没有得到解决。在这里，我们已经重建草案基因组的海洋细菌丰富的海面和深羽沃茨的泄漏，同化烷烃和多环芳烃在稳定同位素探测实验，我们确定的基因的烃降解途径。烷烃降解基因普遍存在于组装的基因组中。marinabacteria丰富的正十六烷，和未培养的α-和Gammaproteobacteria人口丰富的多环芳烃降解社区，并包含一个广泛的基因集降解菲和萘。多环芳烃的使用在不同的细菌类群之间存在差异，微生物群落的综合能力超过了其单个组分的能力，这表明复杂碳氢化合物混合物的降解需要复杂石油降解群落的非冗余能力。
The Deepwater Horizon blowout in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, one of the largest marine oil spills(1), changed bacterial communities in the water column and sediment as they responded to complex hydrocarbon mixtures(2-4). Shifts in community composition have been correlated to the microbial degradation and use of hydrocarbons(2,5,6), but the full genetic potential and taxon-specific metabolisms of bacterial hydrocarbon degraders remain unresolved. Here, we have reconstructed draft genomes of marine bacteria enriched from sea surface and deep plume waters of the spill that assimilate alkane and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during stable-isotope probing experiments, and we identify genes of hydrocarbon degradation pathways. Alkane degradation genes were ubiquitous in the assembled genomes. Marinobacter was enriched with n-hexadecane, and uncultured Alpha-and Gammaproteobacteria populations were enriched in the polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon-degrading communities and contained a broad gene set for degrading phenanthrene and naphthalene. The repertoire of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon use varied among different bacterial taxa and the combined capabilities of the microbial community exceeded those of its individual components, indicating that the degradation of complex hydrocarbon mixtures requires the non-redundant capabilities of a complex oil-degrading community.