Using maternal rescue of pups in a cup to investigate mother-infant interactions in mice/rodents
Using maternal rescue of pups in a cup to investigate mother-infant interactions in mice/rodents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112081
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发表时间：
2019-11-18
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kuroda, Kumi O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esposito, Gianluca;Truzzi, Anna;Kuroda, Kumi O.
有效的父母照顾对于哺乳动物后代的生存是不可或缺的，因此父母和后代都要合作才能达到最好的表现。例如，当父母运送灵长类后代时，后代立即做出反应，减少了人类婴儿和啮齿动物幼崽的哭声和动作。这种协调的中枢、运动和心脏反应被指定为运输反应(TR)，并被证明有助于啮齿动物的母体携带。本研究旨在调查母婴相互作用的核心行为特征，并利用药物和遗传操作(即OPRM1-/)来研究母婴合作的机制。正如先前报道的那样，幼崽在怀孕期间的静止和姿势发生了明显的发展变化，母体策略也发生了适应，特别是在站立位置和口头抓住幼崽身体方面，随着幼崽的年龄和幼崽的行为而变化。基于树的模型阐明，这两个母体变量以及幼崽挣扎的百分比都可以预测从杯子中取回幼崽所需的时间。当幼崽的感觉-运动控制受到药物或遗传操作的干扰时，这些核心行为就不能有效地执行，并阻碍母体恢复。母婴相互契合是一个复杂的结构，其中涉及几个相互交织的机制。因此，当母亲和婴儿相互作用时，应该被视为一个完整的系统，在这个系统中，一方或另一方的任何变化都会影响整个二元体的输出。这种互动的结果依赖于婴儿和母亲行为的特定动态模式，这些模式相互变化并适应彼此的需求。达到互动成功结果的关键特征是母亲的取回策略和婴儿的运输反应行为。
Efficient parental care is indispensable for survival of the mammalian offspring, and therefore both parents and offspring cooperate to achieve the best performance. For example, when parents transport altricial offspring, the offspring immediately respond by reducing its cry and movement in both human infants and rodent pups. This coordinated set of central, motor and cardiac responses is designated as the Transport Response (TR) and is shown to facilitate maternal carrying in rodents. The present study aims to investigate the core behavioural characteristics of mother-infant interaction, and to investigate the mechanisms underlying the mother-pup cooperation using pharmacological and genetic manipulations (i.e. Oprm1-/). Along with the clear developmental changes of the pups' immobility and posture during maternal carrying as previously reported, there were also adaptations in maternal strategies, particularly in positioning of foothold and oral grasp over the pup's body, with the pups' age and pup's behaviour. Tree-based models elucidated that both of these maternal variables as well as percentage of pups' struggle predict the time required for pup retrieval from a cup. When the sensorymotor control in pups was disturbed by pharmacological or genetic manipulations, these core behaviours were inefficiently performed and impede maternal retrieval. Mother-infant mutual fit is a complex construct where several intermingled mechanisms are involved. Thus mothers and infants, when interacting, should be considered together as one whole system in which any change in one side or the other, affects the output of the whole dyad. The outcome of the interaction relays on a specific dynamic pattern of infant and maternal behaviours, which mutually change and adapt to fit each other's needs. Key features to reach a successful outcome of the interaction were the maternal retrieving strategy and infants' Transport Response behaviour.