Improving word finding: Practice makes (closer to) perfect?
Improving word finding: Practice makes (closer to) perfect?
复制标题
改进单词查找：练习使（接近）完美？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Nickels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Nickels
背景资料：一个应用程序的任务，如文字图片匹配或重复，已被证明会影响随后的图片命名（“促进”或“启动”）在失语症和非失语症的主题。由于失语症评估经常涉及在不同的任务中重复使用相同的刺激，这表明，一些失语症患者的个人可能有改善的性能，在图片命名作为评估的结果。目的：本文的目的是证明，可以有改进的图片命名作为一个结果，重复呈现的刺激，并促进讨论有关的机制，可能会导致这种影响和相应的影响治疗。方法和程序：本文描述了一个单一的情况下，大颚，一名男子失语症的研究。JAW的图片命名被观察到随着时间的推移而改善，而其他任务保持稳定。进行了一项调查，以确定这种改善的来源。三个处理任务，试图命名的图片，阅读和延迟复制的图片名称。结局和结果：所有这三个任务显着改善随后的图片命名的治疗项目，尽管没有提供反馈或纠错。这种提高的来源是语音形式提取的启动。在“尝试命名”条件下，每次成功产生图片名称时都会发生这种启动。由于JAW并不完全一致，每次尝试命名一些额外的项目时都会被启动。因此，随着时间的推移，越来越多的刺激项目被启动，因此更有可能成功地产生。结论：这项研究表明，至少有一个失语症的人，下巴，实践使（接近）完美，即使没有纠正。与过去的实验结果相比，提供单词形式的任务（阅读和延迟复制）不仅有显著的改善，而且还有一个新的发现，即简单地尝试命名一张图片可以改善随后的单词提取。有人认为，这一新的发现可能适用于其他失语症患者，并具有功能意义。
Background: One application of a task, such as word-picture matching or repetition, has been demonstrated to affect subsequent picture naming (‘facilitation’ or ‘priming’) in both aphasic and non-aphasic subjects. As aphasia assessment frequently involves repeated use of the same stimuli in different tasks, it is suggested that some aphasic individuals may have improved performance in picture naming as a result of assessment. Aims: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that there can be improvements in picture naming as a result of repeated presentation of stimuli and promote discussion regarding the mechanisms that may have caused such effects and their corresponding implications for treatment. Methods & Procedures: This paper describes a single case study of JAW, a man with aphasia. JAW's picture naming had been observed to improve over time while other tasks remained stable. An investigation was performed to identify the source of this improvement. Three treatment tasks were used, attempting to name the picture, reading aloud and delayed copying of the picture names. Outcomes and Results: All three tasks significantly improved subsequent picture naming of the treated items despite the fact that no feedback or error correction was provided. It is argued that the source of this improvement is from priming of retrieval of the phonological form. In the ‘attempted naming’ condition, this priming occurred every time a picture name was successfully produced. As JAW was not perfectly consistent, on each attempt at naming some additional items were primed. Thus, over time an increasing proportion of stimulus items were primed and were hence more likely to be successfully produced. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that for at least one aphasic man, JAW, practice makes (closer to) perfect, even without correction. Not only was there significant improvement from tasks that provided the word form (reading aloud and delayed copying) as has been shown in the past, but also there was the novel finding that simply attempting to name a picture can improve subsequent word retrieval. It is argued that this novel finding could be applicable to other aphasic individuals and has functional significance.