Cross-continental migratory connectivity and spatiotemporal migratory patterns in the great reed warbler
Cross-continental migratory connectivity and spatiotemporal migratory patterns in the great reed warbler
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DOI：
10.1111/jav.00929
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hansson, Bengt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolecek, Jaroslav;Prochazka, Petr;Hansson, Bengt
迁徙连通性描述了不同的繁殖种群在何种程度上具有不同的（非重叠的）非繁殖地点。揭示迁徙连接的水平对于有效的保护行动和理解当地适应和迁徙路线的演变至关重要。在这里，我们调查迁移模式的雀形目鸟类，伟大的苇莺Acrocephalus arundinaceus，在其广泛的西部古北繁殖范围使用地理定位器从西班牙，瑞典，捷克共和国，保加利亚和土耳其。我们发现适度的迁移连接：一个非常显着的空间结构之间的连接繁殖和撒哈拉以南地区的非繁殖地，但在同一时间个别种群之间的部分重叠，特别是沿着几内亚湾的大多数鸟类从西班牙，瑞典和捷克的人口度过了他们的非繁殖期。繁殖后的迁移路线是相似的方向和相当平行的五个群体。来自土耳其的鸟类表现出最独特的迁徙路线和撒哈拉以南的非繁殖范围，繁殖后迁移到东非，并与来自保加利亚的鸟类一起，在阿拉伯半岛的一个以前未知的繁殖前迁移，表明逆时针循环迁移。繁殖地和撒哈拉以南非繁殖地之间的距离，以及第一个和最后一个撒哈拉以南非繁殖地之间的距离，在不同的人群之间存在差异。然而，迁移的总速度并没有显着差异种群之间，无论是在繁殖后的迁移在秋季，也没有繁殖前的迁移在春季。也没有显着的总迁移速度和繁殖和非繁殖地点之间的距离之间的关系（无论是后，也没有繁殖前），令人惊讶的是，总迁移速度一般没有显着差异繁殖后和繁殖前的迁移。未来的挑战包括了解非繁殖环境条件是否可能影响我们观察到的种群间迁移模式的差异，以及非繁殖栖息地的波动和损失在多大程度上可能影响移民的人口规模。
Migratory connectivity describes to which degree different breeding populations have distinct (non-overlapping) non-breeding sites. Uncovering the level of migratory connectivity is crucial for effective conservation actions and for understanding of the evolution of local adaptations and migratory routes. Here we investigate migration patterns in a passerine bird, the great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus, over its wide Western Palearctic breeding range using geolocators from Spain, Sweden, Czech Republic, Bulgaria and Turkey. We found moderate migratory connectivity: a highly significant spatial structure in the connections between breeding and sub-Saharan non-breeding grounds, but at the same time a partial overlap between individual populations, particularly along the Gulf of Guinea where the majority of birds from the Spanish, Swedish and Czech populations spent their non-breeding period. The post-breeding migration routes were similar in direction and rather parallel for the five populations. Birds from Turkey showed the most distinctive migratory routes and sub-Saharan non-breeding range, with a post-breeding migration to east Africa and, together with birds from Bulgaria, a previously unknown pre-breeding migration over the Arabian Peninsula indicating counter-clockwise loop migration. The distances between breeding and sub-Saharan non-breeding sites, as well as between first and final sub-Saharan non-breeding sites, differed among populations. However, the total speed of migration did not differ significantly between populations; neither during post-breeding migration in autumn, nor pre-breeding migration in spring. There was also no significant relationship between the total speed of migration and distance between breeding and non-breeding sites (neither post-nor pre-breeding) and, surprisingly, the total speed of migration generally did not differ significantly between post-breeding and pre-breeding migration. Future challenges include understanding whether non-breeding environmental conditions may have influenced the differences in migratory patterns that we observed between populations, and to which extent non-breeding habitat fluctuations and loss may affect population sizes of migrants.