Future perspectives of wastewater-based epidemiology: Monitoring infectious disease spread and resistance to the community level
Future perspectives of wastewater-based epidemiology: Monitoring infectious disease spread and resistance to the community level
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2020.105689
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sims, Natalie;Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
传染病被认为是当今全球公共卫生面临的最严重威胁之一。气候变化、前所未有的人口增长以及抗菌素耐药性的加速，导致了新的病原体的出现和曾经得到控制的感染的重新出现。其后果导致全球更容易感染传染病。快速监测疾病传播的能力是预防、干预和控制的关键，但目前的监测系统以及科普人口迅速增长和环境变化的能力存在一些局限性。基于水的流行病学（WBE）是一种新的流行病学工具，有可能作为当前传染病监测系统的补充方法和疾病暴发的早期预警系统。WBE假设，通过对人口汇集的废水、传染病和耐药性传播的分析，可以全面和实时地监测社区一级新疾病爆发的出现。本文综述了当前传染病监测的现状，并介绍了WBE及其最新进展。它还提供了进一步发展所需的WBE应用作为传染病监测的有效工具的建议。
Infectious diseases are acknowledged as one of the most critical threats to global public health today. Climate change, unprecedented population growth with accelerated rates of antimicrobial resistance, have resulted in both the emergence of novel pathogenic organisms and the re-emergence of infections that were once controlled. The consequences have led to an increased vulnerability to infectious diseases globally. The ability to rapidly monitor the spread of diseases is key for prevention, intervention and control, however several limitations exist for current surveillance systems and the capacity to cope with the rapid population growth and environmental changes. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is a new epidemiology tool that has potential to act as a complementary approach for current infectious disease surveillance systems and an early warning system for disease outbreaks. WBE postulates that through the analysis of population pooled wastewater, infectious disease and resistance spread, the emergence of new disease outbreak to the community level can be monitored comprehensively and in real-time. This manuscript provides critical overview of current infectious disease surveillance status, as well as it introduces WBE and its recent advancements. It also provides recommendations for further development required for WBE application as an effective tool for infectious disease surveillance.