Structural vulnerability, reliability and risk
Structural vulnerability, reliability and risk
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DOI：
10.1002/pse.109
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发表时间：
2002-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Blockley;J. Agarwal;Jorge Pinto;N. Woodman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Blockley;J. Agarwal;Jorge Pinto;N. Woodman
如果一个系统能承受任意的破坏，它就是鲁棒的。鲁棒性设计有很多实用的方法，但目前还没有公认的鲁棒性理论。可靠性理论是一个有用的工具，用于检查预先定义的负载类型的故障概率;然而，低概率高后果的事件可能会被遗漏。对缺乏鲁棒性的一种洞察是通过识别系统如何脆弱来获得的。一个系统在任何一个方面都是脆弱的，它都不是健壮的。与稳健性一样，脆弱性在不同的背景下也有不同的定义。本文的目的不是为了论证鲁棒性、脆弱性或风险的特定定义，而是为了回顾作者开发的“结构脆弱性理论”，并展示如何在实践中使用它来提高系统的鲁棒性。这个理论是关于形式和连通性的。其目的是识别结构内的薄弱环节作为脆弱的故障场景。然后，这些可以与导致它们产生结构可靠性和风险的措施的概率一起使用。
A system is robust if it can withstand arbitrary damage. There are many practical ways to design in robustness, but there is as yet no accepted theory of robustness. Reliability theory is a useful tool for examining the probability of failure for a pre-defined type of loading; however low-probability–high-consequence events may be missed. One insight into the lack of robustness is gained by identifying how a system is vulnerable. A system that is vulnerable in any one way is not robust. Like robustness, vulnerability has been defined differently in different contexts. The purpose of this paper is not to argue for particular definitions of robustness, vulnerability or risk, but rather to review a ‘theory of structural vulnerability’ developed by the authors and to show how it can be used in practice to improve the robustness of a system. The theory is one of form and connectivity. The purpose is to identify weak links within a structure as vulnerable failure scenarios. These can then be used with the probability of actions causing them to produce a measure of structural reliability and risk.