Evolutionary origins of STIM1 and STIM2 within ancient Ca2+ signaling systems.
Evolutionary origins of STIM1 and STIM2 within ancient Ca2+ signaling systems.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tcb.2011.01.002
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发表时间：
2011-04
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Meyer T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collins SR;Meyer T
人STIM（stromal interacting molecule，基质相互作用分子）蛋白是复杂的真核细胞Ca 2+信号传导系统的一部分，该系统包括许多质膜（PM）、内质网（ER）和线粒体Ca 2+转运体、通道和调节剂。STIM 2和STIM 1作为Ca 2+传感器，对ER Ca 2+具有不同的灵敏度。当受体介导的Ca 2+释放降低ER Ca 2+水平时，它们移位到ER-PM连接处并打开PM奥赖Ca 2+内流通道。由此产生的胞质Ca 2+的增加导致许多Ca 2+效应蛋白的激活，这些效应蛋白反过来调节分化、细胞收缩、分泌和其他细胞功能。在这篇综述中，我们使用一个进化的角度来调查分子激活机制中的Ca 2+信号系统，特别关注的调控基序和功能的两个STIM蛋白。我们讨论了存在和不存在的STIM基因在不同的物种，出现的顺序的STIM与奥赖，和新的信号结构域的STIM蛋白质的进化。
Human STIM (stromal interacting molecule) proteins are parts of elaborate eukaryotic Ca2+ signaling systems that include numerous plasma membrane (PM), endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters, channels and regulators. STIM2 and STIM1 function as Ca2+ sensors with different sensitivities for ER Ca2+. They translocate to ER-PM junctions and open PM Orai Ca2+ influx channels when receptor-mediated Ca2+ release lowers ER Ca2+ levels. The resulting increase in cytosolic Ca2+ leads to the activation of numerous Ca2+ effector proteins that in turn regulate differentiation, cell contraction, secretion and other cell functions. In this review, we use an evolutionary perspective to survey molecular activation mechanisms in the Ca2+ signaling system with a particular focus on regulatory motifs and functions of the two STIM proteins. We discuss the presence and absence of STIM genes in different species, the order of appearance of STIM versus Orai, and the evolutionary addition of new signaling domains to STIM proteins.