YOUNG CHILDRENS UNDERSTANDING OF OTHER PEOPLES FEELINGS AND BELIEFS - INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES AND THEIR ANTECEDENTS
YOUNG CHILDRENS UNDERSTANDING OF OTHER PEOPLES FEELINGS AND BELIEFS - INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES AND THEIR ANTECEDENTS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01610.x
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发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
YOUNGBLADE, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DUNN, J;BROWN, J;YOUNGBLADE, L
研究了幼儿在理解他人情感和用信念来解释人类行为能力方面的个体差异，以及这些差异的早期相关性。研究对象是33个月大的50名儿童，他们在家中与母亲和兄弟姐妹一起观察，然后在40个月时测试情感标签、观点采择和错误信念任务。社会理解的个体差异很明显；三分之一的儿童用错误信念来解释行为，但很少有人根据信念预测行动。这些差异与7个月前参与关于情感和因果关系的家庭谈话、母亲和孩子的语言流畅性以及与兄弟姐妹的合作互动有关。理解感受的差异还与话语测量、母亲-兄弟姐妹互动的质量、自尊和性别有关，女孩比男孩更成功，结果支持了关于社会世界的话语可能部分地调节了社会认知任务中反映的关键概念进展的观点；儿童与兄弟姐妹之间的互动以及其他家庭成员之间的关系也参与了社会理解的发展。
Individual differences in young children's understanding of others' feelings and in their ability to explain human action in terms of beliefs, and the earlier correlates of these differences, were studied with 50 children observed at home with mother and sibling at 33 months, then tested at 40 months on affective-labeling, perspective-taking, and false-belief tasks. Individual differences in social understanding were marked; a third of the children offered explanations of actions in terms of false belief, though few predicted actions on the basis of beliefs. These differences were associated with participation in family discourse about feelings and causality 7 months earlier, verbal fluency of mother and child, and cooperative interaction with the sibling. Differences in understanding feelings were also associated with the discourse measures, the quality of mother-sibling interaction, SES, and gender, with girls more successful than boys, The results support the view that discourse about the social world may in part mediate the key conceptual advances reflected in the social cognition tasks; interaction between child and sibling and the relationships between other family members are also implicated in the growth of social understanding.