Converging effects of cocaine addiction and sex on neural responses to monetary rewards.
Converging effects of cocaine addiction and sex on neural responses to monetary rewards.
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可卡因成瘾和性别对货币奖励的神经反应的融合影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.01.001
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发表时间：
2016-02-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goldstein RZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Konova AB;Moeller SJ;Parvaz MA;Froböse MI;Alia-Klein N;Goldstein RZ
有证据表明，女性的可卡因成瘾比男性更严重。在这里，我们检查了临床环境中的这些性别特异性差异是否与实验室环境中对奖励的神经行为敏感性差异相似。 28 名（14 名女性/14 名男性）可卡因依赖者和 25 名（11 名女性/14 名男性）健康个体在功能磁共振成像期间完成了金钱奖励任务。结果表明，可卡因依赖和性别的影响在传统上被认为是中皮质边缘大脑回路的一部分的区域中重叠，包括海马和后扣带皮层（PCC），以及该回路之外的区域（例如颞中回）。这种“重叠”的本质是，疾病和女性性行为都与这些区域对金钱的反应较低的激活有关。性别诊断相互作用出现在额叶皮层，因此与可卡因依赖的男性和健康女性相比，可卡因依赖的女性表现出较低的中央前回和较高的额下回（IFG）激活。在这些受诊断和性别调节的区域内，海马体和 PCC 的激活较低，而 IFG 激活较高，与任务期间主观渴望的增加相关。结果表明，成瘾方面的性别差异延伸到金钱奖励，并可能导致与复发相关的核心症状。
There is some evidence that cocaine addiction manifests as more severe in women than men. Here, we examined whether these sex-specific differences in the clinical setting parallel differential neurobehavioral sensitivity to rewards in the laboratory setting. Twenty-eight (14 females/14 males) cocaine-dependent and 25 (11 females/14 males) healthy individuals completed a monetary reward task during fMRI. Results showed that the effects of cocaine dependence and sex overlapped in regions traditionally considered part of the mesocorticolimbic brain circuits including the hippocampus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), as well as those outside of this circuit (e.g., the middle temporal gyrus). The nature of this ‘overlap’ was such that both illness and female sex were associated with lower activations in these regions in response to money. Diagnosis-by-sex interactions instead emerged in the frontal cortex, such that cocaine-dependent females exhibited lower precentral gyrus and greater inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activations relative to cocaine-dependent males and healthy females. Within these regions modulated both by diagnosis and sex, lower activation in the hippocampus and PCC, and higher IFG activations, correlated with increased subjective craving during the task. Results suggest sex-specific differences in addiction extend to monetary rewards and may contribute to core symptoms linked to relapse.