Response bias in "Remembering" emotional stimuli: A new perspective on age differences
Response bias in "Remembering" emotional stimuli: A new perspective on age differences
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.34.3.703
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Seidl, Katharina N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapucu, Aycan;Rotello, Caren M.;Seidl, Katharina N.
老年人有时会对积极的情绪刺激表现出回忆优势，而不是中性或负面的刺激(S.T.Charles，M.Mather，&L.Carstensen，2003)。相比之下，在认知测试中，年轻人对负面材料的反应更多地是“老”和“记得”。对于年轻人来说，这两种影响都是由于反应偏差的改变，而不是由于记忆准确性的提高(S.Douga&C.M.Rotello，2007)。我们给年长的和年轻的成年人提供了情绪刺激和中性刺激，这是一个记忆-知道的范式。信号检测和基于模型的分析表明，对于中性、消极和积极的刺激，记忆的准确率没有差异，而且“记忆”反应并不反映回忆的使用。然而，这两个年龄段的人都表现出了显著的情绪反应偏差效应：年轻人对消极词汇的反应比对积极和中性词汇的反应更频繁，而老年人对积极和消极的词汇反应更频繁，而对中性刺激的反应则更多。
Older adults sometimes show a recall advantage for emotionally positive, rather than neutral or negative, stimuli (S. T. Charles, M. Mather, & L. L. Carstensen, 2003). In contrast, younger adults respond "old" and "remember" more often to negative materials in recognition tests. For younger adults, both effects are due to response bias changes rather than to enhanced memory accuracy (S. Dougal & C. M. Rotello, 2007). We presented older and younger adults with emotional and neutral stimuli in a remember-know paradigm. Signal-detection and model-based analyses showed that memory accuracy did not differ for the neutral, negative, and positive stimuli, and that "remember" responses did not reflect the use of recollection. However, both age groups showed large and significant response bias effects of emotion: Younger adults tended to say "old" and "remember" more often in response to negative words than to positive and neutral words, whereas older adults responded "old" and "remember" more often to both positive and negative words than to neutral stimuli.