The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union.
The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph13010122
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发表时间：
2016-01-13
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McDaid D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dom G;Samochowiec J;Evans-Lacko S;Wahlbeck K;Van Hal G;McDaid D
背景：自 2008 年以来，欧盟 (E.U.) 遭遇了严重的经济危机 (EC)。然而，欧洲经济危机导致的物质使用行为模式的变化却没有得到很好的反映，而且潜在的机制仍有待确定；方法：在这篇综述中，我们探索并系统化了 2008 年经济危机对欧盟境内物质使用模式和相关疾病影响的现有数据。国家；结果：结果表明，经济衰退的影响需要区分。许多研究表明人口总体药物使用量有所减少。相比之下，社会中特定群体的有害使用和负面影响有所增加。风险因素包括失业和长期失业以及预先存在的脆弱性。最后，我们的研究结果指出了不同类型物质在经济危机时期的反应差异；结论：2008 年经济危机对欧盟国家物质使用模式的影响是双向的。除了人口总体药物使用量减少之外，许多弱势群体也遭受了严重的负面影响。这些群体需要特别关注和支持，因为他们确实存在在经济衰退正式结束后很长一段时间里继续遭受负面健康影响的风险。
Background: From 2008 on, a severe economic crisis (EC) has characterized the European Union (E.U.). However, changes in substance use behavioral patterns as a result of the economic crisis in Europe, have been poorly reflected upon, and underlying mechanisms remain to be identified; Methods: In this review we explore and systematize the available data on the effect of the 2008 economic crisis on patterns of substance use and related disorders, within the E.U. countries; Results: The results show that effects of the recession need to be differentiated. A number of studies point to reductions in population’s overall substance use. In contrast, an increase in harmful use and negative effects is found within specific subgroups within the society. Risk factors include job-loss and long-term unemployment, and pre-existing vulnerabilities. Finally, our findings point to differences between types of substances in their response on economic crisis periods; Conclusions: the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on substance use patterns within countries of the European Union are two-sided. Next to a reduction in a population’s overall substance use, a number of vulnerable subgroups experience serious negative effects. These groups are in need of specific attention and support, given that there is a real risk that they will continue to suffer negative health effects long after the economic downfall has formally been ended.