The development of British tourism in Egypt, 1815 to 1850
The development of British tourism in Egypt, 1815 to 1850
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DOI：
10.1080/1755182x.2012.711373
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Anderson, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Martin
旅游业是埃及的主导产业之一，但没有关于埃及旅游业如何发展的一般历史叙述，尽管埃及是旅游业扩展到欧洲以外的第一个地方之一。虽然人类学家和社会科学家已经很好地涵盖了旅游业的性质或经验，但旅游业的历史却很少。本文将提供从1815年到1850年埃及旅游业发展的基本历史，并认为穆罕默德·阿里早期欢迎欧洲旅行者，试图发展和扩大他在埃及的权力，为旅游业的发展提供了基础。此外，拿破仑战争后英国的非正式地中海帝国为英国游客提供了保护伞。通往印度的陆路路线也将大量英国人送往埃及，每个人都有时间在前往印度之前进行旅游。然而，旅游业有其自身的结构，一旦建立起来，就提供了独立于帝国权力的自身的、主要是经济的连续性机制。从这段历史叙述中可以看出，埃及的旅游业早在苏伊士运河修建和19世纪60年代第一次托马斯库克图尔斯之旅之前就已经建立起来了，这是一个更普遍的观点。
Tourism is one of Egypt's leading industries, yet there is no general historical narrative on how tourism developed in Egypt even though Egypt was one of the first locations tourism expanded to outside Europe. While the nature or experience of tourism has been well covered by anthropologists and social scientists, histories of tourism are rare. This paper will provide a basic history of the development of tourism in Egypt from 1815 through 1850 and argues that Muhammad Ali's early welcome of European travellers in his attempt to develop and expand his power in Egypt provided the basis for the development of tourism. Further, Britain's informal Mediterranean Empire after the Napoleonic Wars provided an umbrella of protection for British travellers to Egypt. The overland route to India also sent large numbers of Britons through Egypt, each with time for tourism before travelling to India. Nevertheless, tourism has its own structures which once established provided their own, mainly economic, mechanisms for continuity separate from imperial power. From this historical narrative, it can be seen that tourism was established in Egypt well before the building of the Suez Canal and the first Thomas Cook tours in the 1860s, a more commonly held view.