Dolphins restructure social system after reduction of commercial fisheries
Dolphins restructure social system after reduction of commercial fisheries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.06.009
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lanyon, Janet M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ansmann, Ina C.;Parra, Guido J.;Lanyon, Janet M.
虽然已知人类活动会影响群居动物的社会行为，但人们对动物社会结构对干扰的恢复能力知之甚少。20世纪90年代，澳大利亚摩顿湾的宽吻海豚（Tursiops aduncus）基于与商业捕虾渔船的觅食互动（或缺乏互动），形成了两个截然不同的社会群体（“拖网海豚”和“非拖网海豚”）。这两个社区的成员几乎从来没有联系过，尽管他们的家园有重叠。从那时起，渔业立法的变化大大减少了摩顿湾的拖网捕捞。我们使用关联分析和社会网络指标比较了1997-1999年（拖网捕捞期间）和2008-2010年（拖网捕捞后）两个时期宽吻海豚的社交模式。在这十年中，他们的社会网络变得更少分化和更紧凑（个体之间的平均测地线距离减少），个体之间的联系明显更多和更强（平均和最大半重指数增加）。之前描述的两个群体的划分已经消失了，以前的“拖网海豚”和“非拖网海豚”现在分散在整个社会网络中，彼此联系。这种重组表明，尽管渔业可以影响宽吻海豚的社会行为，但它们的社会结构代表了一个复杂的适应系统，对干扰具有弹性。(C) 2012动物行为研究协会。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
Although human activities are known to affect the social behaviour of group-living animals, the resilience of animals' social structure to disturbance is poorly understood. In the 1990s, bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops aduncus, in Moreton Bay, Australia, formed two distinct social communities ('trawler' and 'nontrawler dolphins') based on foraging interactions (or lack thereof) with commercial prawn trawlers. Members of the two communities almost never associated, despite overlapping home ranges. Since then, changes to fisheries legislation have substantially reduced trawling in Moreton Bay. We used association analyses and social network metrics to compare patterns of sociality among bottlenose dolphins across two periods: 1997-1999 (during trawling) and 2008-2010 (post trawling). Over this decade, their social network became less differentiated and more compact (average geodesic distance between individuals decreased), with significantly more and stronger associations between individuals (mean and maximum half-weight indices increased). The previously described partitioning into two communities has disappeared, with former 'trawler' and 'nontrawler dolphins' now dispersed over the entire social network and associating with each other. This restructuring suggests that although fisheries can influence the social behaviour of bottlenose dolphins, their social structure represents a complex adaptive system that is resilient to disturbance. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.