miRNA: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool for Pancreatic Cancer
miRNA: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool for Pancreatic Cancer
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DOI：
10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2017019494
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Faheem, Arooj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qadir, Muhammad Imran;Faheem, Arooj
胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）是一种致死性疾病，是癌症患者的主要死亡原因之一。在癌症的早期阶段，使用超声和血液检查来诊断PDAC是困难的，并且单独用于治疗癌症的化学疗法不是非常有效。MicroRNA（miRNAs）是一种在许多过程中改变基因表达的小的非编码RNA，在胰腺癌调控中起重要作用。miRNA分为肿瘤诱导物（oncomiR）和肿瘤抑制物miRNA。已经发现，miRNA在血清和癌细胞周围的细胞中以及在癌细胞内受到非常不同的调节。miRNA通过不同地上调或下调并影响参与癌细胞信号传导的基因的表达来调节癌细胞增殖、侵袭和凋亡。因此，miRNAs可作为有效的诊断标志物和治疗药物靶点。在这篇综述中，我们描述了最新的研究，了解分子机制和基因调控PDAC及其诊断和治疗的效用。
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is fatal disease and one of the major causes of death among cancer patients. Diagnosis of PDAC during the early stages of cancer using ultrasounds and blood tests is difficult and chemotherapies alone for treating cancers are not very effective. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that alter the expression of genes in many processes, have been identified to play a significant role in pancreatic cancer regulation. miRNAs are classified as oncomiRs (tumor inducers) and tumor suppressor miRNAs. It has been found that miRNAs are regulated very differently in serum and cells surrounding cancer cells and within cancerous cells. miRNAs regulate cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis by being differently up-regulated or downregulated and affecting the expression of genes involved in cancer cell signaling. Therefore, miRNAs can be used as effective diagnostic markers and drug targets for therapy. In this review, we describe the most recent studies performed for understanding molecular mechanisms and gene regulations in PDAC and their utility for diagnosis and therapy.