The role of host phenology in determining the incidence of an insect sexually transmitted infection
The role of host phenology in determining the incidence of an insect sexually transmitted infection
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宿主物候学在确定昆虫性传播感染发生率中的作用
作者：
Pastok D
在一年内的生活史事件的时间的变化改变的程度，不同物种的活动模式相吻合，使种间相互作用的动态敏感的物候相互作用方。对于寄生虫，合适的宿主感染的可用性代表了动态的关键决定因素，宿主（和寄生虫）物候的变化可能因此改变疾病流行病学和疾病维持的条件。我们测试了这样的假设：瑞典Adalia bipunctataladybird甲虫中性传播螨感染（海马球螨）的发生率是由宿主物候决定的，即宿主队列之间存在/不存在性接触。我们观察到，螨的存在/不存在的模式，整个SwedishA。bipunctatapoluments是高度可重复的几年之间，这意味着一个持久的生物/生态基础的发病率。此外，瓢虫种群的螨是缺席能够获得螨在交配过程中，发展螨感染，并向前传播感染，表明螨发病率的生态（而不是生物）驱动程序。自然种群中瓢虫物候的观察提供了证据，越冬和新的队列成人在人群中的螨存在的性接触。相比之下，新的队列瓢虫在瑞典的两个北方人口螨不存在没有性接触的越冬代，创造了一个'硬停止'螨传播。我们的结论是，在主机物候的变化可能是一个重要的驱动程序的性传播感染（STI）的发病率，通过确定存在/不存在的性接触之间的世代。更一般地说，我们假设，对宿主物候变化的敏感性将是最高的寄生虫，如STI感染一个宿主物种，一个宿主生命阶段，并直接在宿主个体之间的接触传播。
Changes in the timing of life history events within the year alter the degree to which the activity patterns of different species coincide, making the dynamics of interspecific interactions sensitive to the phenology of the interacting parties. For parasites, the availability of suitable hosts to infect represents a crucial determinant of dynamics, and changes in the host (and parasite) phenology may thus alter disease epidemiology and the conditions for disease maintenance. We tested the hypothesis that the incidence of a sexually transmitted mite infection,Coccipolipus hippodamiae, inAdalia bipunctataladybird beetles in Sweden was determined by host phenology, namely presence/absence of sexual contact between cohorts of the host. We observed that the pattern of mite presence/absence across SwedishA. bipunctatapopulations was highly reproducible between years, implying a persistent biological/ecological basis underlying the incidence. Further, ladybirds from populations where the mite was absent were able to acquire mites during copulation, develop a mite infection, and transmit infection onward, indicating an ecological (rather than biological) driver of mite incidence. Observations of ladybird phenology in natural populations provided evidence of sexual contact between overwintered and new cohort adults in populations where the mite was present. In contrast, new cohort ladybirds in the two northern Swedish populations where the mite was not present had not had sexual contact with the overwintered generation, creating a ‘hard stop’ to mite transmission. We conclude that variation in host phenology may be an important driver of the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by determining the presence/absence of sexual contact between generations. More generally, we hypothesize that sensitivity to variation in host phenology will be highest for parasites like STIs that infect one host species, one host life stage and are directly transmitted on contact between host individuals.
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瓢虫性传播寄生虫 Adalia bipunctata（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）发生率的空间变异
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Webberley;M. Tinsley;J. J. Sloggett;M. Majerus;G. Hurst
通讯作者：
G. Hurst
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jacob Johansson;Jan‐Åke Nilsson;Niclas Jonzén
通讯作者：
Niclas Jonzén
甲虫性传播寄生虫中雌性偏寄生和宿主世代重叠的重要性
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
O. Seeman;H. Nahrung
通讯作者：
H. Nahrung
近北区和古北区七星瓢虫和Propylea quatuordecimpunctata种群繁殖的人口统计分析
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
BioControl (Dordrecht)
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Phoofolo;J. Obrycki
通讯作者：
J. Obrycki