Celebrity suicide on the railway network: Can one case trigger international effects?
Celebrity suicide on the railway network: Can one case trigger international effects?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.037
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Hegerl, Ulrich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koburger, Nicole;Mergl, Roland;Hegerl, Ulrich
背景：在2009年德国国家门将罗伯特·恩克在铁路上自杀后，全国范围内的铁路自杀事件显著增加。本研究分析了这一事件是否也在其他欧洲国家引发了效仿效应。此外，还考察了Google Trends代表的媒体报道，以及考虑到自杀率和火车行驶里程的总体变化的长期变化。方法：分析恩克自杀前和自杀后的短期和长期(事件发生后2周和2年)的铁路自杀人数。结果：与德国相似，其他4个国家的合并数据有显著的短期和长期效果(增加93.9%；p=0.004和16.7%；p=0.003)。没有迹象表明，长期影响仅仅反映了自杀频率的总体增加，或者是由于火车行驶里程的增加。国家一级的分析显示结果参差不齐。限制：由于数据不完整，没有进行关于年龄和性别的分析。媒体报道只是由谷歌趋势分析代理的。这项研究包括了一小部分欧洲国家。结论：2009年恩克自杀之后，欧洲的火车自杀人数也在增加。尽管这一事件可能强化了欧洲现有的铁路自杀人数不断增加的趋势，但国际效仿效应和/或对这种特殊自杀方式的整体认识的增强似乎是这种变化的一个可能的解释。(C)2015爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利
Background: After the railway suicide of the German national goalkeeper Robert Enke in 2009, a significant increase of railway suicides was observed nationally. This study analyses whether this incident also triggered copycat effects in other European countries. Additionally, media coverage proxied by Google Trends and long-term changes taking into account general changes in suicide rates and kilometres driven by trains were examined.Methods: The numbers of railway suicides before and after Enke's suicide were analysed for short and long-term periods (2 weeks and 2 years Post event) across five European countries. Incidence ratios and resulting percentage changes were computed.Results: Similar to Germany, there were significant short and long-term effects for the combined data of the four other countries (increase of 93.9%; p =0.004 and 16.7%; p =0.003). There was no indication that long-term effects arc a mere reflection of an overall increase in suicide frequencies or due to increased numbers of kilometres driven by trains. Analyses on country level revealed heterogeneous results.Limitations: Due to incomplete data, analyses regarding age and gender were not performed. Media coverage was only proxied by a Google Trends analysis. The study includes a small sample of European countries.Conclusions: Enke's suicide in 2009 was followed by increasing train suicide numbers in Europe. Although this incident may have reinforced an existing European trend of growing railway suicides, an international copycat effect and/or an increased overall awareness about this particular suicide method appears to be one likely explanation for the changes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved