Adolescent risky decision-making: Neurocognitive development of reward and control regions
Adolescent risky decision-making: Neurocognitive development of reward and control regions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.038
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发表时间：
2010-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Crone, Eveline A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Leijenhorst, Linda;Moor, Bregtje Gunther;Crone, Eveline A.
最近的模型假设，青少年的危险行为是腹内侧（VM）前额叶皮层（PFC）和腹侧纹状体（VS）对奖励敏感性增加的结果，与不成熟的认知控制能力配对，由于背侧前扣带皮层（ACC）和外侧PFC的成熟缓慢。我们用fMRI测试了这一假设，使用赌博任务，参与者在低-风险赌博有很高的概率获得一个小的奖励（1欧元）和高风险赌博有较小的概率获得更高的奖励（2，4，6，或8欧元）。我们研究了来自4个年龄组（青春期前儿童，青少年早期，青少年和年轻人）的参与者在选择和结果处理过程中的神经反应。高风险的选择增加了所有年龄的回报，但风险承担随着年龄的低回报赌博。功能磁共振成像结果证实，高风险的选择与激活VMPFC，而低风险的选择与激活侧PFC。激活背侧ACC呈线性下降，而激活VMPFC和VS呈倒U形的发展模式，在青春期的高峰。此外，冒险倾向的行为差异调节了所有年龄组的大脑激活。这些发现支持了这样的假设，即青少年的危险行为与奖励和调节大脑回路的不同发展轨迹引起的不平衡有关。(C)2010年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Recent models hypothesize that adolescents' risky behavior is the consequence of increased sensitivity to rewards in the ventral medial (VM) prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the ventral striatum (VS), paired with immature cognitive control abilities due to slow maturation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and lateral PFC. We tested this hypothesis with fMRI using a gambling task in which participants chose between Low-Risk gambles with a high probability of obtaining a small reward (1 Euro) and High-Risk gambles with a smaller probability of obtaining a higher reward (2, 4, 6, or 8 Euro). We examined neural responses during choice selection and outcome processing in participants from 4 age groups (pre-pubertal children, early adolescents, older adolescents and young adults). High-Risk choices increased with rewards for all ages, but risk-taking decreased with age for low reward gambles. The fMRI results confirmed that High-Risk choices were associated with activation in VMPFC, whereas Low-Risk choices were associated with activation in lateral PFC. Activation in dorsal ACC showed a linear decrease with age, whereas activation in VMPFC and VS showed an inverted U-shaped developmental pattern, with a peak in adolescence. In addition, behavioral differences in risk-taking propensity modulated brain activation in all age groups. These findings support the hypothesis that risky behavior in adolescence is associated with an imbalance caused by different developmental trajectories of reward and regulatory brain circuitry. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.